| In this experiment,20 raspberry varieties were used as materials to analyze the species and content of phenolic substances in different raspberry varieties by ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UHPLC-MS/MS).Preliminary analysis of raspberry varieties resources by factor analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis,in order to provide technical support and theoretical basis for the comprehensive utilization of raspberry and breeding of new varieties.The research results are as follows:(1)UHPLC-MS/MS technique was used to detect 15 kinds of anthocyanins from the sarcocarp of 20 raspberry varieties in positive ion scanning mode,which mainly existed as disaccharides.By analyzing the content of anthocyanins in different varieties of raspberry,the species of anthocyanins in ‘Polana’ were the most abundant,and that in ‘Fall Gold’ were the least,and more than 10 anthocyanins were detected in most of varieties.(2)The analysis of the composition of anthocyanins showed that there were up to 7 kinds of anthocyanins in raspberry,while the species of pelargonidins and methyl anthocyanins were relatively few,5 and 3 kinds respectively;cyanidin-3-O-sophoroside,cyanidin-3-O-glucoside and pelargonidin were present in all raspberry varieties;cyanidin-3-(caffeoyl)sophoroside-5-glucoside was detected only in ‘America Twenty Two’;peonidin-3,5-diglucoside was an anthocyanins only shared by ‘Nova’,‘Autumn Bliss’,and ‘Longyuan Qiufeng’.(3)There was obvious difference in the contents of anthocyanins in different varieties of raspberry,and the contents of anthocyanins in ‘America Twenty Two’,‘Caroline’ and ‘Nova’ were more than 8 mg/g.The contents of anthocyanins in the five varieties,‘Sweet Raspberry’,‘Солнышко’,‘Fertodi’,‘Fall Gold’ and ‘Chengse Qiji’,were less than 4 mg/g.The anthocyanins contents in the sarcocarp of the remaining 12 raspberry varieties from 4-8 mg/g.(4)Principal component analysis and factor analysis were found that cyanidin and pelargonidin were the main factors affecting the anthocyanins composition in sarcocarp of raspberry,and the comprehensive factor score of anthocyanins content in ‘Nova’ was up to 1.55.In addition,20 raspberry varieties were divided into two categories by cluster analysis,and the content of pelargonidin in the first type of raspberry varieties was generally lower than that of the second type of raspberry varieties.(5)31 kinds of non-anthocyanin phenolics were identified in 20 species of raspberry sarcocarp by UHPLC-MS/MS with negative ion scanning mode,which mainly existed as monoglycosides.The amount of non-anthocyanin phenolics detected in most of the raspberry sarcocarp was more than five,among which ‘Sweet Raspberry’ had the most abundant kinds of nonanthocyanin phenolics,‘Rerille’ and ‘Qiu Ping’ were the fewer varieties of all tested samples.(6)The composition of non-anthocyanin phenolics in the sarcocarp of different raspberry varieties varied greatly.The detected non-anthocyanin phenolics were divided into five categories,among which 12 and 11 species were detected in flavonols and phenolic acids,respectively,which were the two most abundant types of non-anthocyanin phenolics in raspberry sarcocarp.EriodictyolO-hexoside was a unique non-anthocyanin phenolics in ‘Sweet Raspberry’ and ‘Fall Gold’.Quercetin-3-O-hexuronide was a non-anthocyanin phenolics common to ‘Red Raspberry’,‘Барнаульская’ and ‘PRK’.Kaempferol-3-O-sambubioside was only detected in ‘Longyuan Qiufeng’.Ellagic acid was detected in all other varieties except ‘Nova’,‘Fall Gold’ and ‘Chengse Qiji’.(7)The contents of non-anthocyanin phenolics in different varieties of raspberry sarcocarp were quite different,such as ‘Red Raspberry’,‘Sweet Raspberry’,‘Киржач’,‘Барнаульская’,‘PRK’ and ‘Chengse Qiji’,the contents of them were more than 100 μg/g;the contents of non-anthocyanin phenolics in the three varieties,‘Rerille’,‘Fertodi’ and ‘Qiu Ping’,were not more than 50 μg/g,and at a low level;the content of non-anthocyanin phenolics in the sarcocarp of the remaining raspberry varieties was between 50-100 μg/g.(8)Principal component analysis and factor analysis were showed that flavan-3-ols,flavonols and phenolic acids were the main factors affecting the composition of non-anthocyanin phenolics in raspberry sarcocarp,and the comprehensive factor of non-anthocyanin phenolics content in ‘Sweet Raspberry’ was the highest.Furthermore,the cluster analysis can be used to classify 20 raspberry varieties into two categories,and the total content of non-anthocyanin phenolics in the first type of raspberry varieties was significantly higher than that of the second type of raspberry varieties. |
