Study On Ecosystem Health Evaluation And Risk Assessment For Huitengxile Wind Farm Grassland

Wind energy is generally considered a clean renewable energy source that can reduce societal dependence on fossil fuels.Wind energy has rapidly developed in recent years.However,the environmental impact of installing and operating wind farms has not got enough attention.This study was based on remote sensing data in 1995,1999,2005,2010 and 2015.And through field investigation,the influence of wind farm construction on grassland vegetation was explored and used as the theoretical basis for index selection.Then,using PSR framework model,10 evaluation indexes were selected from three aspects of pressure,state and response to construct the grassland ecosystem health evaluation index system of Huitengxile wind farm.Finally,the grey system theory prediction model is selected to predict the grassland ecosystem health of the future 10 years.Research results show that:(1)the construction of wind farm reduces the vegetation Patrick richness index,Simpson dominance index,Shannon--Wiener diversity index,aboveground biomass and vegetation plant height.(2)the grassland ecosystem health index of the five periods of Huitengxile wind farm from 1995 to 2015 was 0.8619,0.6869,0.4747,0.1768 and 0.2495,respectively.The health condition of grassland decreased slowly from 1995 to 2005,because the increased slowly of the number of fans,the area of fan maintenance road,the carrying capacity of livestock,and the rainfall decreased slowly;It declined significantly between 2005 and 2010,because the number of fans,the rapid increase of fan maintenance road,and the continuous decrease of rainfall;There was a slight improvement from 2010 to 2015,mainly due to the increase of rainfall and the decrease of livestock carrying capacity.In addition,after 2010,the construction of road inspection and repair of fans and wind turbines slowed down,some old fans stopped running and artificial forests were planted in the research area.The optimal threshold for the number of fans in the study area is 104.(3)GM(1,1)model was adopted to predict the ecosystem health of the study area.It was indicated that the grassland ecosystem health index of the future 10 years in the future was 0.2773 and 0.1772,respectively.The ecosystem health is developing from general pathological condition to pathological condition,and measures should be taken to protect the ecosystem in the study area in time.