Effects Of Artemisia Ordosica And Its Polysaccharides On Ruminal Fermentation,Nutrient Digestibility,Serum Antioxidant And Immune Parameters Of Cashmere Goats

The purpose of this thesis was to study the effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala and its polysaccharides on rumen fermentation parameters,nutrient digestibility and blood antioxidant and immune indexes of cashmere goats,to provide scientific theoretical basis for reasonable application of Artemisia ordosica in ruminant production.This paper included two parts:in vitro fermentation(Test 1)and in vivo test(Test 2-4).In vitro fermentation,Arbas white cashmere goats were used as rumen fluid donors.The purpose of Test 1 was to study the effects of Artemisia sphaerocephala and its polysaccharides on rumen fermentation parameters for selecting the optimal doses.This test was conducted using single factor randomized design and included one control group and 8 treatment groups.The control group(CON group)uses the basal diet as a substrate.The 1%(SH1 group),2%(SH2 group),3%(SH3 group)or 4.5%(SH4 group)of Artemisia ordosica powder was added in the substrate of treatment group SH1 to SH4,respectively,the 0.1%(DT1 group),0.2%(DT2 group),0.3%(DT3 group)or 0.45%(DT4 group)of Artemisia ordosica polysaccharides was added in the fermentation substrates of treat group DTI to DT4,respectively.Five fermentation time points were set at 3h,6h,9h,12h and 24h,and each fermentation time point was 6 replicates.The results showed that the addition of Artemisia ordosica and its crude polysaccharide could increase the pH value and NH3-N concentration in the culture medium,inhibit the number of protozoa,and increase BCP concentration.It also increased gas production and reduced the volatile fatty acids during the early period of the test and the ratio of acetic acid to propionic acid.According to these parameters and the multiple combined effect index(MFAEI),the effect of Artemisia ordosica on rumen fermentation parameters was greater than that of Artemisia ordosica polysaccharides and the 3%(SH3 group)of Artemisia sphaerocephala had better effect among Artemisia sphaerocephala treatments.The 0.3%(DT3 group)of Artemisia sphaeroides polysaccharide showed the better effect among polysaccharide treatments.The test 2 mainly studied the effects of Artemisia ordosica on ruminal fermentation,nutrient digestibility,serum antioxidant and immune parameters of cashmere goats.Twelve 2-year-old Arbas white cashmere goats with similar body weight(38.03±2.42 kg)were randomly divided into control group and Artemisia ordosica group with 6 replicates.The control goats were fed with basal diet and Artemisia ordosica goats were fed with diet including 3%Artemisia ordosica.The trial period was 21 days.The results showed that 3%of Artemisia ordosica could significantly increase the daily gain,the apparent digestibility of DM and CP of the cashmere goats and reduce the ratio of feed to meat.Artemisia ordosica decreased the rumen protozoa number,concentration of NH3-N,acetic acid and TVFA,acetic/propionic at 6h fermentation in the rumen and increased the pH,the content of BCP.At the same Artemisia ordosica significantly increased the activity of CAT and content of immune factors such as IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-a in the serum of cashmere goats.Test 3 studied the effects of supplimenting with Artemisia ordosica polysaccharides on ruminal fermentation,nutrient digestibility,serum antioxidant and immune parameters of cashmere goats.Test 4 studied the effects of supplimenting with Artemisia ordosica or Artemisia ordosica polysaccharides on parameters above.The test animals were the same as test 2.The test 3 included the control group and the Artemisia ordosica polysaccharide group containing 0.3%Artemisia ordosica polysaccharide in diet.The test 4 included 3%polysaccharides of Artemisia ordosica group and 0.3%Artemisia ordosica polysaccharides group.The results of test 3 showed that addition of 0.3%of Artemisia ordosica polysaccharides in the diet significantly increased the daily weight gain,the digestibility of DM,CP and ADF and reduce the ratio of feed to meat.The supplementation of Artemisia ordosica polysaccharides decreased the proliferation of rumen protozoa and increased the ruminal BCP concentration,acetic acid,propionic acid and TVFA concentration.The Artemisia ordosica polysaccharides significantly increased the activity of CAT,GSH-Px and the content of IL-6,NO in serum of cashmere goats.The results of test 4 indicated that the daily weight gain and the digestibility of DM,CP and NDF of cashmere goats in Artemisia ordosica group were significantly higher than that of in Artemisia ordosica the polysaccharides group.The ratio of feed to weight showed the opposite result.The NH3-N concentration in Artemisia ordosica group,the population of protozoa at Oh before feeding were significantly lower than that in Artemisia ordosica polysaccharides group.The activity of CAT,GSH-PX and IL-1,IL-6β and TNF-α in serum of cashmere goats fed Artemisia ordosica were significantly higher than those in Artemisia ordosica polysaccharides,but the content of NO was opposite.In summary,the addition of Artemisia ordosica or polysaccharides could improve the rumen fermentation,improve the digestibility of nutrients and the anti-oxidative and immune function improving the gain performance of cashmere goats.And the effect of Artemisia ordosica was better than its polysaccharide.Under the conditions of this experiment,the addition of 3%Artemisia ordosica or 0.3%Artemisia ordosica polysaccharides to the diet showed the better effect.