| Due to the influence of foreign pig species and breeding benefits,the population size of Anhui local pigs is not large,the purity of germplasm is uneven,and the process of conservation and development and utilization needs to be strengthened.In order to better evaluate the genetic diversity of Anqing Six-end-white pig pigs and other Anhui indigenous pig breeds and provide scientific basis for their breeding and utilization,the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of 8 local pig breeds in Anqing Six-end-white pig pigs and other Anhui pigs were analyzed by using the 15 microsatellite DNA markers recommended by the international Society for Animal Genetics(ISAG)and the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization(FAO).The muscle quality of Anqing Six-end-white pig and their crossbred pigs(BA pig)were analyzed.The main research work completed is as follows:(1)genetic diversity:Anhui native pig breeds are abundant in genetic diversity,and there are a certain degree of inbreeding and frequent gene flow within the population.The polymorphism of 15 microsatellite loci was abundant in all the detected populations.All alleles were polymorphic.The average expected heterozygosity of 8 cultivars was higher than the average observed heterozygosity.The heterozygosity of each cultivar was insufficient at the selected loci,and homozygote individuals had a high proportion in the population.The genetic distance between Zongyang black pig and Wannan black pig was the closest(0.1928),and the coefficient of genetic similarity was the highest(0.8072).Wannan black pig and Anqing liubai had the longest genetic distance(0.3513)and the lowest coefficient of genetic similarity(0.6487).Based on Nei's genetic distance and genetic similarity coefficient,8 pig breeds were divided into two groups.One is Wannan flower pig,the other is Anqing Six-end-white pig,Wei pig,Huo Shou black pig and Wanbei pig,Wannan black pig,Zongyang black pig and Dingyuan pig.(2)meat quality characteristics:Slaughter Performance and carcass quality,the carcass length,carcass rate and eye muscle area of BA pig were significantly higher than those of Anqing Six-end-white pig(P<0.01),and there was a significant difference in back fat thickness(P<0.05);BA pig were better than those of Anqing Six-end-white pig in terms of tenderness and water loss,and there was no significant difference between them(P>0.05).In the determination of fatty acids and amino acids in longissimus dorsi,there was no significant difference in saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids between Anqing Six-end-white pig and six pig breeds(P>0.05).The amino acids of BA pig were significantly higher than those of Anqing Six-end-white pig(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference between the BA pig and Anqing Six-end-white pig(P>0.05). |
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