Design And Research Of Water And Fertilizer Irrigation Decision Control System In Apple Orchard

Traditional orchard irrigation and fertilization in China mainly rely on manual work.Because of extensive management of fruit farmers and lack of scientific fertilization guidance,water resources and chemical fertilizers are wasted seriously,and the utilization rate of water and fertilizer is very low.This topic mainly aims at the current situation of water and fertilizer irrigation in apple orchards in Xinjiang,China.Through the structural design of the entire water and fertilizer irrigation system,combined with artificial intelligence technology,control technology,intelligent diagnosis technology,network technology,information technology and water-saving irrigation technology,a set of orchard water and fertilizer irrigation decision control system was constructed based on STM32 control.The system uses PSO to optimize the fuzzy PID control algorithm for accurate water and fertilizer ratio,and combined with the intelligent decision system to make the water and fertilizer irrigation decision for the current environmental conditions,to realize the water and fertilizer irrigation of orchard,and achieve the maximum benefit with the least amount of water and fertilizer.The main research contents in this work are as follows:First,the overall scheme design in system.According to the demands of apple plantation users,the design principles of system and functional requirements,the overall scheme design of water and fertilizer irrigation decision control system in the apple orchard is accomplished.Second,PSO optimization fuzzy PID control algorithm.By comparing the control effects of traditional PID control and fuzzy PID control,the PSO optimal fuzzy PID control algorithm is determined,and the PSO optimal fuzzy PID controller is designed.The controller can effectively solve some problems in the orchard irrigation control,such as nonlinear,time-varying and hysteretic.Moreover,the high matching precision and stable operation can precisely control the irrigation precision and water and fertilizer ratio in the orchard irrigation,which can greatly improve the utilization rate of water and fertilizer.Third,hardware and software designs in the system.For the hardware design,the PCB board design and processing of core control board,selection of irrigation equipment and construction of water and fertilizer ratio prototype are completed;For the software design,the programming of single-chip control program,the design of human-computer interaction interface and the design of remote control of mobile phone short message are completed.Fourth,intelligent decision system design.According to the rule of water and fertilizer demand in apple orchards,a water and fertilizer irrigation decision-making system was established.At the same time,an intelligent agricultural management system APP software was designed.In the intelligent decision-making system and APP software,reasonable water and fertilizer irrigation decision-making could be made according to the demand of fruit trees for water and fertilizer,and precise water and fertilizer proportion irrigation could be realized.Fifth,system performance test analysis.The functions of the whole water and fertilizer precision ratio irrigation control system was mainly systematically verified,including the test of mobile phone SMS remote control system,the verification of control algorithm and the field test of water and fertilizer ratio.The results show that the PSO optimized fuzzy PID control system compared with the traditional PID control,the rise time is reduced by 4.10 s,the overshoot is reduced by 14.57%,and the adjustment time is reduced by 27.4s.Compared with the fuzzy PID control,the rise time is reduced by 4.30 s,the overshoot is reduced by 0.37% and the adjustment time is reduced by 20 s.