The Studies On Root And Leaf Growth Characteristics Of Grafted Plants Of Peach/Cerasus Humilis

In order to explore the growth characteristics of roots and leaves of peach/ Cerasus humilis grafted plants,the roots of Ouzhen No.1,Chunmei/Ouzhen No.1;and the leaves of Chunmei/Maotao,Ruipan No.8/Maotao,Chunmei/Ouzhen No.1 and Ruipan No.8/Ouzhen No.1 were used as experimental materials.The root branching habits,leaf morphological characteristics,anatomical structure of roots and leaves,activities of respiratory-related enzymes in roots,activities of sugar metabolism-related enzymes in leaves,and contents of mineral elements(Ca,Fe,K,Zn,Mg,Cu,Mn,etc.)in roots and leaves were observed and measured.The main results are as follows:1.Peach scion can enhance the branching ability and elongation growth ability of rootstock roots.The length of ? level branch in the unit root of Chunmei/Ouzhen No.1 is 36.85% longer than Ouzhen No.1,the number of ? level branch in the unit root is 36.61% more than Ouzhen No.1,and the number of ? level branch in the unit root of Chunmei/Ouzhen No.1 is 51.21% more than Ouzhen No.1.Significant changes were observed.2.The effect of peach scion on the activity of respiratory enzymes in rootstock roots was related to the types of enzymes.Compared with Ouzhen No.1,the activity of anaerobic respiration key enzyme ethanol dehydrogenase(ADH)in rootstocks of Chunmei/Ouzhen No.1 grafted plants decreased significantly.The activities of ADH in rootstocks of Chunmei/Ouzhen No.1 were 23.79%,17.08%,18.66%,26.91% and 31.23% of Ouzhen No.1,respectively.There was no significant difference in the activities of MDH and LDH at the same root class between the two plants.3.The content of Mn in 3 class roots of Chunmei/Ouzhen No.1 grafted plants was significantly lower than that of Ouzhen No.1,which decreased by 32.75%.There was no significant difference in the content of other mineral elements in the same root class between the two plants.4.The leaf morphology of peach/Cerasus humilis was significantly different from that of peach/Maotao.The leaf length,leaf width,leaf area,leaf thickness,cuticle thickness and palisade tissue thickness changed significantly.For example,the leaf shape index of Chunmei/Ouzhen No.1,Ruipan No.8/Ouzhen No.1 increased by 10.07% and 32.06% respectively,compared with the control.And thickness increased by 16.14% and 24.07% respectively.5.The photosynthetic characteristics of peach/Cerasus humilis leaves were changed compared with those of peach/Maotao.The net photosynthetic rate of peach leaves was significantly increased.The net photosynthetic rate of Chunmei/Ouzhen No.1 was 80.54% higher than that of Chunmei/Maotao,and that of Ruipan No.8/Ouzhen No.1 was 4.56 times higher than that of Ruipan No.8/Maotao.The activities of sucrose synthase(SS)in peach/Cerasus humilis leaves were significantly different from those of peach/Maotao.The activity of sucrose synthase(SS)in leaves of Chunmei/Ouzhen No.1 was 28.09% lower than that of Chunmei/Maotao,while the activity of SS in leaves of Ruipan No.8/Ouzhen No.1 was 27.39% higher than that of Ruipan No.8/Maotao.6.The content of mineral elements in leaves of peach/Cerasus humilis is different from that of peach/Maotao.Taking Ouzhen No.1 as rootstock,the content of K element in leaves of peach was significantly increased,while the content of Mn element was significantly decreased.The contents of K and Mn in leaves of Chunmei/Ouzhen No.1 and Ruipan No.8/Ouzhen No.1 were 23.85% and 10.66% lower than those of the control,respectively,while the contents of Mn were 3 and 4 times higher than those of the control.