Influence Of Different Mulching Models On Soil Properties And Fruit Quality In Sheltered Vineyard

A field experiment was designed to compare the covering effect of straw mulching(SM),white plastic film mulching(WM),reflective plastic film mulching(RM),ground cloth mulching(CM)and clean tillage(CK)in a sheltered vineyard for the period from November 2017 to October 2018.The soil microbial quantities,soil biological activity,tree growth and fruit quality were systematically studied under the five mulching system with Summer black grape orchard as material,which supplied reliable basis of practice and theory for comparing the covering effect of the four mulching materials in sheltered vineyard.The main results were as follows:1.WM treatment could aggravate the soil temperature change in time and space in hot seasons,and effectively stabilize soil temperature in cold seasons whose soil temperature was higher than other mulching treatments.The soil temperature of SM,CM and RM treatments were increased in October,but reduced from March to September.The three kings of mulching materials all could stabilize the soil temperature change in time and space,in which RM treatment had the most significant effect of water holding.The bulk density and soil pH had no significant changes after 11 months of mulching,the soil organic matter and organic carbon contents of SM treatment increased,and which of CM?WM and RM treatments reduced,the soil organic matter and organic carbon contents of CM treatment was the lowest.2.The four mulching materials all could improve the average value of soil enzyme comprehensive activity,total soil microbial quantities,soil microbial biomass carbon content and microbial quotient from March to September followed the order of SM>CM>WM>RM>CK.The soil respiration intensity was enhanced under SM and CM treatments,while weakened under WM and RM treatments.Different mulching materials all could reduce the soil microbial metabolic quotient followed the order of WM<SM<RM<CM<CK.The principal components analysis demonstrated that the four mulching materials all could improve soil biological activity of sheltered vineyard,the effect was SM>CM>WM>RM>CK.3.Four kinds of mulching materials could promote the growth of grape trees and the quality of grape fruits to a certain extent.Grape growth and fruit quality were the best under RM treatment.Root activity increased by 8.55%~15.26%,relative chlorophyll content of leaves increased by 12.93%~13.79%,internode length increased by 11.09%,sing cluster weight increased by 27.45%,soluble solids increased by 17.74%,tannins,total phenols and anthocyanins in peel increased by 57.14%,25.30% and 35.86% respectively..