A Research On Production Efficiency And Influencing Factors Of Live Pigs In Sichuan Province Under Environmental Constraints

The pig industry is the main part of animal husbandry in China and has made considerable progress in recent years.However,it has brought about environmental problems as well because the pollutants of pigs have become one of the primary sources of pollution.As the result of it,The Party and the state not only highlight the development of animal husbandry,but also deeply realize the importance of environmental ecology,and require the comprehensive realization of the green and sustainable development of animal husbandry.The Sichuan provincial government has also followed the pace of the central government,attached great importance to environmental governance,and issued relevant policies for the control and prevention of the discharge of animal manure.This paper is based on the background that the environmental protection policies related to livestock and poultry pollution in Sichuan province are becoming more and more perfect and the environmental regulation is gradually strengthened.The production mode of pig farmers is changing as well.How to improve the production efficiency of pig farmers under the environmental high pressure policy has become an important issue at present.Therefore,to solve the fundamental problems of environment and pig farming is to improve the environmental production efficiency in an all-round way.It is very vital to promote the continuous improvement of the environmental production efficiency of pigs through reasonable policies,which also constitutes the starting point of the realistic problems in this study.In terms of research ideas,the paper first makes the literature review and interprets the theoretical framework,then constructs the theoretical framework based on the research theme,including total factor productivity,pig production efficiency,environmental unexpected output,the externality theory,the circular economy theory and the agricultural environmental economic theory.Then,the production situation,scale changes and cost-benefit of pig breeding in Sichuan province were analyzed.The results showed that the output of pigs in Sichuan province still ranked first in the country.However,the number of pig slaughtered in recent years has been decreasing continuously,and the price of pork will continue to decline in the future.What's more,the scale of pig farming haschanged considerably over the past ten years,and has been improved relatively rapidly.The research also analyzes the cost-benefit situation of pig production.Based on the data of field investigation,the personal characteristics,farming situation,fecal sewage discharge and clean technology of sample farmers were further described and analyzed,and the efficiency of pig production and its influencing factors under environmental constraints were empirically analyzed.Based on the above,I analyze the production efficiency of pigs under environmental constraints by using the econometric model.First,the pollution intensity of farmers as an unit is calculated and incorporated into the basic model as the environmental unexpected output,namely the environmental production efficiency.Then the conclusion is drawn that the economic development level is the main influencing factors of the production efficiency of pig farming,whether in environmental production efficiency or in traditional production efficiency.In addition,the difference of production efficiency of live pigs obviously narrows after considering environmental costs,and the production efficiency of medium-sized farmers is the highest after adding environmental costs.That is to say,moderate scale farming helps to improve the production efficiency of environment.The influencing factors of pig production efficiency are divided into five aspects:individual characteristics,family characteristics,breeding characteristics,farmers' cognitive characteristics and external characteristics.The Tobit model calculation results are used to analyze the influencing factors of traditional production efficiency and environmental production efficiency,subsequently put forward countermeasures and research prospects.