Response Of Soil Nutrients And Bamboo Shoot Yield And Quality Of Chimouobambusa Ueopurpurea Yi To Fertilization

Chimouobambusa ueopurpurea Yi is a good bamboo shoot with excellent seasonal and ornamental value and good development prospects.At present,the research on fertilization of Chimouobambusa ueopurpurea Yi is still in the blank.In addition,there are many researches on the effects of fertilizer on soil nutrient and bamboo shoot quality in bamboo forest,but the researchs on the dynamic characteristics and variation of soil nutrient and bamboo shoot quality under different fertilization conditions are not enough yet.to this end,this experiment takes 5a thorn Chimouobambusa ueopurpurea Yi in Tianquan County of Ya'an as the research object.It adopts orthogonal experiment design and sets three factors of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.Each factor is set at 3 levels,namely urea 300,500 and 700kg·hm²,superphosphate 180,300 and 420 kg·hm²,potassium sulfate 120,200 and 280 kg/hm²,in the March,June and September of 2018,the bamboo forest was evenly applied,and the amount of fertilizer applied was30%,40%,30%of the annual fertilization amount to explore the effects of different nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium ratio fertilization on the yield,quality and soil nutrient of Chimouobambusa ueopurpurea Yi and its dynamic characteristics during the shoot period,using regression fitting equation and membership and the degree function method to evaluate the fertilization effect of each treatment and choose the suitable amount of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium applied to improve the yield and quality of Chimouobambusa ueopurpurea Yi,in order to provide reference for scientific fertilization of Chimouobambusa ueopurpurea Yi.The results show:?1?Different fertilization treatments could significantly increase soil nutrient content:soil total nitrogen,alkali nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus,total potassium and available potassium were increased by 16.1³8.7%and 31.1⁵5.9,respectively.%,16.9³3.8%,45.7¹13.7%,6.9⁸.2%,27.1³9.9%.Alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in different fertilization treatments showed different significant trends during the whole shooting period,but they decreased significantly from 16.8 to 39.3%,20.8 to 44.6%,and 19.1 to27.6%.?2?Different fertilization treatments can significantly increase the number of bamboo shoots,yield,and shoot season:the number of shoots,yield,and shoots in each fertilization treatment increased by 44-161%,119-215%,and 12-21%,respectively.The peak of bamboo shoots appeared in the early stage of the bamboo shoots,and the number of shoots in the whole shoot season showed a trend from high to low.The effect of NPK on yield is nitrogen>potassium>phosphorus.Treatment 8?N₃P₁K₃?averaged the highest number of shoots and yield The yields of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were the best yields of 657.5kg·hm²,366.1kg·hm²and 145.4kg·hm²,respectively.?3?Different fertilization treatments can effectively improve the quality of bamboo shoots.The soluble sugar content increased by 29.1⁵4.2%,and the effect of NPK was nitrogen>potassium>phosphorus.The optimum soluble sugar content of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were467.7kg·hm²,304.4kg·hm² and 173.9kg·hm²,respectively;the crude fat,NPK effect was potassium>nitrogen>phosphorus,the best The application rates of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers with crude fat content were 453.2kg·hm²,310.3kg·hm² and 155.4kg·hm²,respectively;the reduction of crude fiber reached 21.9⁵8.5%,and the effect of NPK was nitrogen>potassium>Phosphorus,the optimum crude fiber content of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were 730.8kg·hm²,146.3kg·hm²,198.4kg·hm²,respectively;the crude protein increased by45.1⁷8.4%,and the effect of NPK on yield The nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers with the size of nitrogen>potassium and phosphorus were 423.6kg·hm²,168.2kg·hm² and 122.4kg·hm²,respectively.The essential amino acids decreased by 9.4²5.1%,and the effect of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium on phosphorus>nitrogen>potassium,and the optimal essential amino acid content of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer were 566.3kg·hm² 380.2kg·hm² and 156.5 kg·hm²;The umami amino acid decreased by 5.4³1.3%,and the effect of NPK was phosphorus>nitrogen>potassium.The best umami amino acid content was522.4kg·hm²,337.2kg·hm²,152.7kg·hm².The total amount of amino acids decreased by 8.8²7.4%,and the effect of NPK was phosphorus>nitrogen>potassium,threonine,histidine,proline,isoleucine,aspartic acid,fine The amino acid was not significantly decreased,and the optimal total amino acid application amount was 601.4kg·hm²,289.4kg·hm²,and 135.8kg·hm².According to the comprehensive evaluation of bamboo shoot quality,the comprehensive quality of treatment 4?N₁P₃K₃?is the best,and the optimum nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application rates of bamboo shoots are 474.3kg·hm²,301.2kg·hm² and 154.5kg·hm²,respectively.?4?The quality of bamboo shoots in each treatment showed significant changes during the bamboo shoots:soluble sugar increased significantly in the early and middle stages,and decreased significantly in the middle and late stages,which was-34.4⁴7.3%compared with the initial fluctuation;there was no significant change in crude fat overall.The fluctuation range is-31.2³4.1%;the crude fiber is generally rising,and the rising period is mainly concentrated in the middle and late stages.The fluctuation range is-34.5⁴7.9%compared with the initial shoot;the crude protein is generally higher than the initial stage in the early and middle stages.The period was not significantly different from the initial period;the total amount of essential amino acids,umami amino acids and amino acids was significantly higher than the initial period.The promotion period was mainly concentrated in the middle,middle and late stages,with an increase of22.1⁴0.8%,21.3⁵8.8%,21.5³5.8%.There was no significant change in histidine and cystine overall,and the remaining amino acids were significantly increased overall but there was a difference in the period of elevation.Through the membership function method,the comprehensive quality of bamboo shoots in different treatments was evaluated.The comprehensive quality of treatment 4 decreased significantly during the shoot-out period,while the comprehensive quality of treatments 7 and 9showed a significant improvement.The other treatments showed no significant changes,indicating the change of bamboo shoots.Basically,it will not affect the overall quality of bamboo shoots.In summary,the fertilization treatment can effectively increase soil nutrient content,increase the number of shoots,shoots and yield of bamboo shoots and improve the quality of bamboo shoots.Among them,treatment 8?N₃P₁K₃?yields the highest,and treatment 4?N₁P₃K₃?comprehensive quality.The best,the best yield of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the region were 657.5kg·hm²,366.1kg·hm²,145.4kg·hm²,respectively.The optimum quality of bamboo,bamboo and potassium fertilizers were the best.It is 474.3kg·hm²,301.2kg·hm² and 154.5kg·hm².During the period of bamboo shoots,the soil available nutrients decreased overall,and the quality of bamboo shoots showed different trends,but the changes in bamboo shoots did not affect the comprehensive quality of bamboo shoots.This experiment preliminarily obtained the response of soil nutrient and bamboo shoots yield and quality to different fertilization and the dynamic changes of bamboo shoots,which could provide a theoretical basis for its high quality and high yield.