| The black chokeroye are perennial shrubs.It has ecological value,ornamental value,medicinal value and edible value.The black chokeroye introduced to China in 1990 s.The cultivation process is suitable for the local environment and has a good growth trend.At present,there is no record of introduction in jilin city.The black chokeroye value is extremely high and that is an excellent tree species.The fruit is rich in beneficial substances to the human body and the market has great demand for the black chokeroye.In order to promote the black chokeroye industry in the sustainable development of our country,the black chokeroye as test materials,studied the biological characteristics,hardiness and seedling propagation,provide a theoretical basis for this research.It provides reference for production practice.It has provided technical support for the better exploitation and utilization of the black chokeroye.1.Experimental results of biological characteristics observation:(1)Morphological features:Heihe seedlings,perennial branches of the bottom skin hole for the transverse elliptic,skin pores cracked,no double flower phenomenon.The Haicheng seedling and the Polish seedling hole are not cracked,many years of skin holes are round.(2)Aspect of new growth:The growth of Poland seedlings is the larges;The growth of Heihe seedlings is the smallest;The growth of Haicheng seedlings is middl.(3)Aspect of leaf growth:The leaves of the Polish seedlings are wide.The leaves of Heihe seedlings were small.(4)Plant height:The Heihe seedlings were low,the Polish seedlings were the highest,Haicheng seedling height was centered,but the number of tiller and main branches were the most.(5)In the aspefloral featuresct of :Haicheng small flower crown stem>Poland small flower crown stem>Heihe small flower crown stem;Haicheng outer ring flower petals long>Poland outer petals long>Heihe outer petals long;Haicheng pistil length>Poland pistil length>Heihe pistil length;The number of stamens in Haicheng>the number of stamens in Poland>the number of stamens in Heihe.Branch and leaf growth:The growth rate of Poland seedling>growth rate of Haicheng seedling>Heihe seedling growth speed.(6)In terms of seed characteristics:Haicheng seedling seed 1000-grain weight>Poland seedling seed>Heihe seedling seed,and the water content of the seed of Haicheng seedling>Poland seedling seed>Heihe seedling seed.(7)Aspect of phenological:From buds to deciduous leaves,the Haicheng seedlings are 228 d,the Poland seedlings are 225 d,and the Heihe seedlings are 217 d.(8)Flowering and fruiting:The Heihe seedlings are slightly later than the other two varieties of the black chokeroye,the earliest seedlings of the Haicheng,and in the middle of Poland.Heihe seedling flowering for 17 d,the other two different sources of the black chokeroye flowering is 15 d.2.The results of the experimental study on cold resistance:The black chokeroye of the three different origins are suitable for planting in the area of Jilin city,but the cold resistance is different,Poland seedlings>Heihe seedlings>Haicheng seedlings.3.The results of the rapid propagation of seedlings:(1)Through the germination and seedling test,and six different methods of storage are used for the seeds of black fruit,snow accumulation is the best seed storage method for the sowing and seedling-raising of the black chokeroye.The best germination rate and seedling rate is 96.7% and 96.28% respectively.Different concentrations of NAA and 6-BA could promote seed germination,The best effect of the seed germination of the black chokeroye is the 6-BA of 250mg/L.The best values of germination rate,germination potential and plant height are 67%,38.33% and 6.13 cm respectively.(2)After 50mg/L6-BA treatment,the rooting rate of the hardwood cuttings is the highest,77.78%.The best medium of hardwood cutting is turfy soil,the rooting rate is 83.44%;The variance analysis and multiple comparison results of the orthogonal test of the cuttings are shown,that the matrix,hormone concentration,hormone types,cuttings soaking time on rooting rate of the black chokeroye softwood cuttings had significant impact.The black chokeroye softwood cuttings of the best combination is using turfy soil+perlite =1:1 as substrate,ABT1 rooting powder 2000mg/L,for 50 min.(3)The best rootstock for the grafting of the black chokeroye is mountain ash,the best grafting method is cleft grafting.The best survival rate of the scion is 94.44%.(4)The best sterilization method is first used 75% alcohol to sterilize 20 seconds,and then 0.1% mercuric chloride is used for 4min,and the pollution rate was 0%.The tender stem is the best inducing material.After the treatment of 0.6mg/LNAA+0.3mg/L6-BA,the maximum induction rate is 90.12%,and the average height of the plant is 3.19 cm.MS+0.1mg/LNAA+1.0mg/L6-BA is the best proliferation medium for the black chokeroye,with a proliferation coefficient of 9.33.The optimum rooting culture mediem of the black chokeroye is 1/2MS+0.2mg/LNAA +0.4mg/LIBA,and the rooting rate is 96.67%.The best transplanting substrate of peat soil,transplanting to the peat soil,the growth of tissue culture seedlings is good,the best of the survival rate is 92.4%.Through the observation of the biological characteristics and the rapid propagation of the seedlings,the black chokeberry is suitable for the introduction to the Jilin area,and the Haicheng seedlings are the most suitable source of seedling.A variety of methods are used for the propagation of the black chokeberry.Shoot cuttings and tissue culture are the best breeding methods. |
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