Introduction And Adaptability Evaluation Of Kiwifruit In Liupanshui Area

Liupanshui area is abundant in Wild kiwifruit resources,which is suitable area for Kiwifruit cultivation,but at present there is a problem of single variety in production.In order to enrich the varieties of kiwifruit which suitable for cultivation in Liupanshui area and provide technical support,the phenology,plant morphological and biological characteristics,growth and fruiting characteristics,fruit quality,yielding ability and disease resistance of the four kiwifruit cultivars(JinYan,Chuhong,Hort16A,Guichang)were studied in comparison with Hongyang which is the main cultivar of Liupanshui.According to the results of the study,the fruit growth and development laws of Hongyang,Jinyan and Guichang which had good performance were studied.The main results ofthe studyare as following:1.The phenological period of five Kiwifruit Cultivars from early to late were successively Hongyang,Hort16A,Jinyan,Chuhong and Guichang.Hongyang and Hort16A can be harvested in late August,the fruit growth periods are 145 days and 143 days.Jinyan,Chuhong and Guichang can be harvested in mid-September,the fruit growth periods are152 days,144 days and 142 days.2.Tree vigour of Guichang is the strongest of the five cultivars,and the length of one-year-old branches is 276cm.The tree vigour of Hongyang,Hort16A,Jinyan and Chuhong are middle.The length of one-year-old branches of Chuhong is 134cm and is the shortest of the five cultivars.The leaves of Guichang are the largest and Jinyan is the smallest.The flower diameter of Jinyan is 4.5cm and is the largest of five cultivars.The flower diameter of Chuhong is 2.9cm and is the smallest of five cultivars.3.Fruit-bearing ability of Chuhong is the weakest and not suitable for cultivation,the fruit setting rate was 63.18%.There were only four fruiting branches on each fruiting parent branch and the fruiting branch rate was 62.34%,the branch forming rate was only44.92%.4.The single fruit weight of Jinyan is the largest of the five cultivars and is 115.7g.The second was Guichang and the single fruit weight is 90.5g.single fruit weight of Chuhong is the smallest and is 57.6g.Hongyang has the best quality,taste is good and soluble sugar content is 13.51%,acid content is 0.96%,vitamin C content is 309.65 mg/100g,sugar-acid ratio is 14.07.Jinyan and Guichang are resistant to storage.The softening time is 30 days and 27 days respectively.After softening,they begin to rot 21 days and 20 days respectively.5.Hort16A had poor disease resistance and was susceptible to flower rot and brown spot.The susceptibility index are 7.1%and 9.89%respectively.Fruit scar rate is higher and the rate is 9.8%.susceptible to sunburn and fruit rot,the rate are 9.6%and 11.6%.6.Among the five varieties,yield of Guichang is the highest,which can reach 1167kg/667m~2.yield of and Chuhong is the lowest,which is 480 kg/667m~2.At current market prices,the economic benefits of Hongyang is 7810 yuan/667m~2,Guichang is 6070yuan/667m~2,Jinyan is 4080 yuan/667m~2,Hort16A is 920 yuan/667m~2,Chuhong is-1760yuan/667m~2.Because the economic efficiency are low,Hort16A and Chuhong are not suitable for cultivation.If the cultivation techniques of Jinyan and Guichang are improved,their yields will be further increased,and prices will rise,their output value can also be increased,even exceeding Hongyang.7.Based on the analysis of fruit quality-disease resistance-yield,the results showed that:Jinyan and Guichang were suitable for cultivation in Liupanshui area,and their reasonable—satisfaction are 0.674 and 0.617,which are either above Hongyang(0.617).Chuhong and Hort16A were not suitable for cultivation in Liupanshui area,their reasonable—satisfaction are 0.383 and 0.181,which are lower than Hongyang(0.617).8.The fruit growth curves of Hongyang,Jinyan and Guichang all showed a single gradual rising curve,with faster growth in the early stage,slower growth in the middle and finally stopped growing.After pollination within 45 days is rapid grow stage and the fruit growth reached about 80%of the mature stage.strong fruit fertilizer and irrigated should be timely applied In this period of growth,to ensure the supply and absorption of nutrients needed for fruit growth.Fruit-thinning in time could maintain a reasonable load of the tree,achieve the balance of vegetative and reproductive growth,improve the quality of single fruit.After pollination within 45d-80d is slowly grow stage,in this period the fruit growth rate is slower than the early stage and the size of fruit is almost close to the size of the harvest.In this period,defect fruit should be removed and then complete the fruit bagging,multiple spraying of Ca,K and other foliar fertilizers promoted the rapid absorption of fruits to increase the storage resistance of fruits.After 80 days of pollinationIn is stagnant grow stage of the fruit,the fruit size was basically fixed,and the nutrients in the fruit began to transform.In this period should be prevent drought and drainage,control diseases and insect pests,and maintain the normal growth of the tree.