Effects Of Temperature And Light On Thegrowth And Yield Of Tomato And Utilization Rate Of Fertilizer With Water Under Different Water And Fertilizer Supply Levels

Aiming at the problems of low yield and low quality caused by low water and fertilizer utilization rate under the large water and large fertilizer management mode in tomato cultivation in Ningxia.In this research,the local main plant variety"Del 1689"was used as the experiment material.Based on the local fertilization amount and irrigation amount,three fertilization levels of high-fertilizer(F1),medium-fertilizer(F2),low-fertilizer(F3)and three irrigation levels of high water(W1),medium water(W2),low water(W3),were set in the solar greenhouse and plastic greenhouse of the Helan Horticultural Industrial Park in Ningxia.To research the relationship between the temperature and light of spring tomato cultivation and the growth,quality and water and fertilizer utilization of tomato in irrigation facilities under different water and fertilizer supply levels.This will lay the theoretical and technical foundation for the precision water and fertilizer management and temperature and light management of the spring facility tomato.The experimental results are as follows:1.The light and temperature environmental conditions of spring stubble solar greenhouse and plastic greenhouse are quite different.Through the environmental monitoring of the two,we can see that the average daily temperature of the spring greenhouse is about24?,the daily average relative humidity is 40%-50%,and the daily average radiation intensity is 1.33 Klx;And the average daily temperature of the plastic greenhouse is about30?,the average relative air humidity is 30%-40%,and the daily average radiation intensity is 2.04 Klx.It shows that the environmental conditions such as temperature,light and humidity are quite different.2.The effects of different water and fertilizer supply levels on tomato growth,yield and quality were significant.In the solar greenhouse,the tomato cultivation under the irrigation level of medium water(W2),the plant growth is good,the yield is high,and the quality is good.Among them,the plant height,yield,VC content and soluble solid content of the treated water(W2F2)were the highest compared with other treatments,which were135.3cm,5636.19 kg/667m~2,0.27 mg/g and 5.87%;And in plastic greenhouse cultivation under the irrigation level of medium water(W2),the plant has good growth and the highest yield,up to 4809.1 kg/667m~2;the quality of each treatment is good under low fertilizer(W3)irrigation level,and W3F1 treats soluble sugar.Respectively,the highest VC content was4.5%and 0.32 mg/g.3.The growth yield and quality of tomato in spring solar greenhouse and plastic greenhouse were different under the same water and fertilizer supply level.Take the middle water fertilizer(W2F2)as an example.The plant height,stem diameter,yield and soluble solid content of tomato in the solar greenhouse were 116%,112%,118%and 96%of W2F2treatment under plastic greenhouse cultivation conditions respectively,and other treatments also showed corresponding trends.It shows that different temperature and light conditions significantly affect the growth,yield and quality of tomato.4.The water and fertilizer use efficiency of each treatment is different and is affected by the temperature and light conditions.The water use efficiency of W3F2 treatment under the two facilities was the highest,respectively is 59.52 kg/m~3 and 46.62 kg/m~3.The water use efficiency in the solar greenhouse is 1.28 times that of the plastic greenhouse;Nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium utilization rates were highest in the high water(W1)water supply in solar greenhouses and plastic greenhouses.The utilization rates of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the greenhouse fertilizer(F2)were 44.62%and 18.37%,respectively.55.27%,while the utilization rates of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in the plastic fertilizer greenhouse were 36.91%,15.63%and 53.24%.It shows that the water and fertilizer use efficiency of different treatments is different and is affected by different temperature and light conditions.5.The relationship between the key factors of temperature and light and the water use efficiency of tomato was established.By establishing a regression equation between different environmental factors and tomato water use efficiency,Under most water and fertilizer supply levels of solar greenhouse,the water utilization rate of tomato plants is negatively correlated with X6(average air humidity during the day)and X9(average air humidity at night),and positively correlated with X8(average air temperature at night).Under the cultivation condition of plastic greenhouse,its water utilization rate was greatly affected by X8(average air temperature at night)and X9(average air humidity at night).6.The relationship between the key factors of temperature and light and the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer of tomato was established.According to the regression equation,under the conditions of tomato cultivation in solar greenhouse and plastic greenhouse,the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate of different water and fertilizer treatment levels is greatly affected by X9(night average air humidity)and X8(night average air temperature).