Effect Of Stratified Fertilization Mode On Nutrient Use Efficiency Of Summer Maize

The stratified fertilization mode of maize adopts slow-release fertilizer,and the mechanized operation of seed fertilizer and sowing method is adopted to apply the fertilizer to the one-time base,which not only meets the needs of nutrients for crop growth and development,but also eliminates the fertilizer-adding link,simplifies cultivation management measures and saves labor.The cost is consistent with the farmers' demand for technology.In order to explore the effect of stratified fertilization mode on the growth and development of summer maize,in 2018,a pilot study was carried out in Wangzhuang,Quzhou County,Bengbu City,Hebei Province.The tested variety was Xinrui 25,which was designed by randomized block and set with three fertilization modes,namely,layered fertilization mode(M1),bottom fertilizer mode(M2),and farmer mode(Fm).Set 3 kinds of processing.The layered fertilization mode was studied.Effects of summer maize soil and plant nutrient,photosynthetic characteristics and dry matter transfer accumulation.The main results are as follows:1.The total nitrogen content of soil in the early growth stage of summer maize was lower than M2,but it was significantly higher than M2 and FM in the later stage.The total nitrogen content of M1 treatment was 0~40 cm,which was significantly higher than that of M2 and FM,40~100.The total nitrogen content of soil in centimeter is less affected.The soil nitrate nitrogen content of M1 is higher in the big bell stage and filling stage,and the maturity period is the lowest.The ammonium nitrogen content was the highest in the M1 mode during the tasseling and filling stages,and the available phosphorus and available potassium in the M1 soil increased in the late growth stage.And the impact on the ploughed soil is greater.2.Stratified fertilization model can significantly increase the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in summer maize plant,and the effect on nitrogen and0 potassium is mainly reflected in the male stage,and the effect on the phosphorus is mainly after the male stage.Stratified fertilization can effectively improve the transport and production efficiency of plant nitrogen,improve the yield index of the phosphorus,the partial productivity and the absorption efficiency,and the harvest index and the partial productivity of the potassium are also significantly higher than the bottom fertilizer mode.3.The summer maize LAI with different fertilization patterns had significant differences in the tasseling period,and the stratified fertilization mode was the highest.The SPAD change trend of the leaves was the same as the LAI.The net photosynthetic rate of panicle leaves in the stratified fertilization mode was significantly higher than the other two treatments,indicating that the stratified fertilization mode had higher photosynthetic capacity in summer maize.4.Stratified fertilization significantly affected the dry matter accumulation and metastasis of maize.The difference of dry matter accumulation between treatments was significant after the tasseling period.The overall performance was M1 significantly higher than M2 and Fm,M2 during filling period was significantly lower than Fm,and other periods were M2 and There was no significant difference in Fm.The amount of dry matter transfer,transfer rate and contribution rate to grain M2 were the highest.5.Stratified fertilization increased corn yield by increasing the number of kernels per spike.The yield of stratified fertilization increased by 13.9% and 8.3%,respectively,compared with M2 and Fm,and it can reduce the time of topdressing and reduce the mechanical cost,and obtain higher ratio of production to investment and pure.Income,high economic efficiency.Conclusion: The stratified fertilization can continuously increase the soil nutrient content through the slow release of slow-release fertilizer,and provide a continuous source of nutrients for the late growth stage of maize,which is beneficial to the absorption and utilization of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium during plant growth,and improve the absorption efficiency of nutrients;The growth of green leaf area in the late growth stage and maintaining high LAI and leaf SPAD values,increasing photosynthetic production capacity,promoting the silking of summer maize,increasing the number of grains per day of summer maize,thereby increasing yield,and stratified fertilization can simplify cultivation management.Measures to reduce production costs,can obtain higher net income and production ratio.