| Camellia oleifera is one of the four major woody oil crops in the world.It is widely planted in the south of China.It is known as"Oriental olive oil".Hunan province is a large province of Camellia oleifera,but for many years did not form a benign industrial chain,there is no fertilization or less fertilization,single fertilization and other phenomena,which lead to the yield is low,the economic benefit is inferior to a series of problems,how to grasp the reasonable fertilization,maintaining soil fertility,ensure the healthy growth of Camellia oleifera,become the key technology to solve the problems the increasing of camellia.Through different treatments of Camellia leifera forest and young forest,determination of soil nutrients,Camellia nutrient and yield index,the effects of different fertilization on soil nutrient and nutrient organs of Camellia oleifera,growth and yield,and to explore the various organs of tea in different seasons and nutrient dynamics,and provide a theoretical basis for the formulation of Camellia oleifera fertilization and soil fertility,yield to provide theoretical help for Camellia income.In this study,Hunan Province,Youxian Camellia forest and young adult forest as the research object,in December 2015 on the young and grown in different fertilization treatments,forest and young forest were set up special fertilizer,organic fertilizer and control 3 treatments,each treatment set three random group.In 2016 spring summer autumn and winter to collect Camellia root and stem,branches,leaves and other plant samples,soil samples were collected in January 2017 and Camellia growth data measured at the same time,the yield of Camellia oleifera.Using single factor analysis of variance,two factor variance analysis of different fertilization treatments on Camellia oleifera forest and organ plantation and soil nutrient effect;influencing factors by correlation analysis of Camellia oleifera forest nutrient;by canonical correlation analysis of soil nutrient in different organs of Camellia oleifera and forest nutrient and the maximum growth effect the factors.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)fertilization significantly increased the contents of N,P and K in various organs of Camellia oleifera,and the specific fertilizer increased more significantly than that of organic fertilizer(P<0.05).Camellia forest and young forest in special fertilizer and organic fertilizer on the root,stem,branch and leaf on spring,summer,autumn and winter seasons,the content of N,P and K were significantly higher than the control,the content of N in young root than in the control group were 29.8%and 17.1%;the content of P in young leaves were higher than the control 29%and 15%;the content of N in the root of the forest than in the control group were increased by 32%and 16.1%,the content of K in leaves of forest than in the control group were higher than 38.1%and 19.5%.(2)and forest of Camellia oleifera root,stem,leaf and branch content of N,P,K with the seasonal regularity.The young leaves and roots were higher in spring and winter of N,P,K content was lower in summer and autumn,and the stem and branches in the summer and winter of N,P and K were high in spring and autumn,lower the content of P in leaves was highest in spring and lowest in summer is 1.55g/kg,0.77g/kg;N content in the winter branches up to 12.5g/kg,the lowest in spring 7.4g/kg.The contents of N,P and K in roots and leaves were higher in spring and autumn,lower in summer and winter.While the stem and branches in summer and winter season of N,P and K were high in spring and autumn,lower the content of N in the root of the highest in autumn and lowest in winter for 4.2g/kg;6.3g/kg,K content in stem was highest in summer and lowest in autumn was 1.5g/kg 2.8g/kg.(3)fertilization significantly increased soil total N,total P,total K,available P and available K(P<0.05),but did not significantly increase the content of organic matter(p>0.05).Forest and young forest soil 0-20cm layer and 20-40cm layer,the content of specific fertilizer and organic fertilizer in the soil total N,total P,total K,available P and available K were significantly higher than the control,the young 0-20cm soil total N content higher than in the control group were 25.5%and 9.4%,respectively higher than the control soil 20-40cm 29.4%and 15.4%;the content of available P 0-20cm forest soil than in the control group were increased by 71.8%and 31.1%,20-40cm soil layer than in the control group were higher than 74.1%and 28.3%.(4)special fertilizer significantly increased the content of soil available Ca,available Mg,available Fe,available Mn,available Cu,available Zn(P<0.05).Specific fertilizer content of 0-20cm forest and young forest soil and 20-40cm soil available Ca,available Mg,available Fe,available Mn,available Cu,available Zn were significantly higher than that of the organic fertilizer and the control,the content of available Ca on 0-20cm soil layer than organic fertilizer and CK respectively at 19%and 18.8%20-40cm soil layer 26.6%and 32.7%higher respectively;the effective content of Mg 0-20cm soil layer than forest organic fertilizer and CK respectively at 49%and 55%20-40cm soil increased 23.4%and 30.3%.(5)fertilization significantly increased the growth and yield of Camellia oleifera(P<0.05),and the specific fertilizer increased more significantly than that of organic fertilizer.Camellia forest and young forest in special fertilizer and organic fertilizer on tree height,diameter,crown width and number of bud growth was significantly higher than the control,the young tree height was 15.5%and 23.2%respectively higher than the control,the diameter increased 59.1%and 32.8%.Two fertilizer treatments of Camellia oleifera forest yield per plant were significantly higher than the control,the yield of 3.73kg fertilizer,organic fertilizer for the 2.77kg control,2.13kg,special fertilizer than organic fertilizer yield is higher than 34.6%,75%higher than the control.(6)the canonical correlation analysis of soil nutrients,plant nutrients and growth showed that the change of total N content in young soil had significant effect on the content of N in tea leaves.Changes of P content in the forest soil changes on the P content in the leaves was significantly affected by oil.The changes of total K and total P content in the young plantation soil had significant effects on the ground diameter.The content changes of P in forest soil had significant influence on the height and diameter of trees.Therefore,increasing the ratio of N,P and K in the fertilizer was beneficial to the increase of the diameter and the height of Camellia oleifera,and the differentiation of flower bud and bud. |
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