Effects Of Microclimate Factors On The Growthand Development Of ’Shine-Muscat’ Grape Inrain-Proof Mode

The parents of ’Shine-Muscat’ are ’Anyunjin 21 and ’Bainan’.It has a high sugar content with strong rose aroma and dark green skin,it tastes so crisp,sweet and delicious flesh that is favored by consumers.In recent years,many vineyards have been widely plantedin the south.However,There are more rains,which greatly affects the cultivation of grape open fields,resulting in serious plant diseases and insect pests,and the fruit yield and quality cannot be guaranteed.In this paper,’Shine-Muscat’ was used as experimental material to explore the physiological characteristics and fruit flavor quality of "H"-shaped grape plants and "Y"-shaped grape plants under micro-climate factors in rain-proof mode.The impact of changes in the microenvironment in rain mode.The best viticulture mode was selected to provide theoretical and practical basis for the quality and high yield of the southern’Shine-Muscat’.The main findings are as follows:(1)Under the three weather conditions,the rain-proof mode and the open-air mode leaf curtain light intensity,ambient temperature and relative humidity change trend are basically the same,and the changes do not reach significant differences.The rain-proof mode can still provide a suitable micro-environment for the growth of the grapes to ensure the normal growth and development of the grapes.(2)The change of chlorophyll content was significantly related to the grape vine type.The chlorophyll content of the "Y" shaped grape in the same growth mode was significantly higher than that of the "H" shaped grape.The rain-preventing mode had no significant effect on the change of chlorophyll a content in grape leaves,and the rain-repellent mode affected the synthesis of chlorophyll b.With the aging of grape leaves,the total content of chlorophyll in leaves decreased,while the chlorophyll a/b value of leaves increased gradually.(3)The row spacing of "H" and "Y" grape plants was 6m×4m and 3m×4m respectively.Under the same growth mode,the total leaf number and leaf area index of“H”-shaped grapes were significantly higher than that of "Y"-shaped grapes.There was no significant difference in grape leaf distribution under different growth patterns.The rain-repellent mode had no significant effect on the change of grape leaf area index,and the planting density of grapes significantly affected the change of leaf area index.(4)The photosynthesis parameters Tr,Gs and Pn of the two tree-shaped grape leaves were basically the same in the rain-proof and open-air mode.The grape Ci in the rain-proof mode was significantly lower than the open-air mode,indicating that the rain-proof mode may change the grape Ci change.trend.The chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo were significantly higher than the open-air mode,and the rain-avoidance mode improved the PSII activity and the original light energy conversion efficiency of grape leaves.(5)The rain-repellent mode can significantly increase the single fruit weight,solid-acid ratio,and VC of the grape fruit,reducing the incidence rate and reducing the color of the fruit.In the same growth mode,the "Y" shaped taste was significantly higher than the "H" shaped.(6)The vegetative growth and fruit reproductive growth of grape plants were positively correlated in the rain-proof mode.The higher the incidence of grape leaves and ears,the higher the fruit brightness and color saturation.In contrast,the basic performance of the open-air grape is soluble solids,fructose content and low fruit color,indicating that the fruit taste quality is slightly poor.Among them,the "Y"-shaped grape had more photosynthesis effect and the leaf incidence rate was lower;while the "H"-shaped grape plant had higher growth and yield,the leaf fruit incidence rate was higher,the quality was slightly worse,the ambient temperature and the photosynthesis and quality of the grape plant.The parameters are positively correlated.(7)The high-quality grape-producing trees in the vineyard are mainly cultivated in "H" shape,relying on the continuous shelter from the rain.The leaf area index is about10,the coverage rate is about 70%,about 30 plants per acre are planted,and the plant spacing is 4 ×6m is suitable,each plant maintains 65-70 ears,60-80 fruit per ear,and the branch rate is 50%-60%.At this time,the ’Sunshine Rose’ grape has the highest yield benefit.