The Effects Of Water Regulation In The Ginsenoside Biosynthesis

Panax ginseng C.A.Mey is a traditional Chinese perennial herb with roots and rhizomes.Ginseng ginsenoside is an important criteria for evaluating the quality,with spleen lung,thirst,improve the immune system and other functions efficiency.At present,ginseng medicinal materials are mainly from cultivation,while Jilin Province is the main artificial cultivation area.Related studies have found that water has a great influence on the growth of ginseng,and affects the formation of saponin content by acting on the expression of key enzyme genes in the saponin synthesis pathway.The study used ginseng root callus and triennial potted ginseng as experimental materials,from the perspective of plant physiology and molecular ecology,the study on the response of ginsenosides under water regulation,explore the molecular mechanisms of ginseng herbs ecological quality of the formation has important significance and value to improve the artificial cultivation of the production process of water management,the quality of ginseng regulation.The study explore the effects of different ginsenosides on water,on this basis,respectively ginsenoside synthesis key enzyme gene expression,enzyme activity and MDA content protection study and correlation analysis,the medicinal ingredient is further illustrated Synthesis The response of the key enzyme gene expression and protective enzyme activity to the environment,and ultimately the regulation of the quality of the drug.The main results are as follows:1.Study of ginseng callus and potted ginseng saponin content and biomass,high concentration of PEG inhibited significantly the fresh weight of ginseng callus from 15 d,10%,20%PEG promote respectively of Re and Rg1.And reached maximum on 20d,it is1.93 times and 3.05 times of the CK;Ginseng potting soil water content of 60%and 80%is significantly promoted the growth of ginseng,the soil relative water content of 40%significantly inhibited the growth of ginseng.;The accumulation of ginsenosides in pot experiment is sensitive to water regulation,80%,the total saponin relative to 40%of the soil is increased by 15%at the end of the water regulation.60%soil relative water content has a short-term promoting effect on PPD and PPT ginsenoside accumulation.2.Water regulation has different effects on the activities of antioxidant enzymes?SOD,POD,CAT?in callus and potted ginseng.the change trend of SOD activity in callus is the same as POD,it showed down-up trend,the change of CAT activity was opposite.With the prolongation of culture time,the activity of antioxidant enzymes decreased,but the content of MDA increased gradually;In pot experiment,the activity of CAT and SOD decreased similarly.With the prolongation of time excessive accumulation of oxygen free radicals beyond the protection and restoration of the scope of enzyme resulted in decreased activity,Damage to cell lipid membrane and increased MDA content.It shows that SOD,POD and CAT work together to resist adverse conditions.3.Study the key enzymes gene expression changes?HMGR,SS,?-AS,CYP716A47,CYP716A52v2,CYP716A53v2?in ginsenoside biosynthetic pathway in the water regulation.The key enzyme gene for ginsenoside synthesis was up-regulated rapidly in 10%and 20%PEG.?-AS?CYP716A47?CYP716A52v2 were highly expressed in the end of culture;In pot experiment,the relative water content of soil was 40%.60%and 80%of soil relative water content promoted the expression of HMGR,?-AS,CYP716A47 and CYP716A53v2,HMGR,SS and CYP716A53v2 are actively expressed in the whole culture time of ginseng callus.Therefore,HMGR,SS,CYP716A47?CYP716A52v2 and CYP716A53v2 can be used as candidate enzymes genes for ginseng quality control.4.To analysis the water regulation of ginsenoside content,key enzyme gene expression,antioxidant enzyme activity and MDA content,found that under 10%PEG treatment there was a significant positive correlation?r=0.587,p<0.01?,between Rg₁ and CYP716A52v2 gene expression.Under 20%PEG Re and CYP716A52v2 showed significantly negative correlation?r=0.574,p<0.05?;In pot experiment,60%soil relative water,PPD ginsenoside was positively correlated with HMGR and?-AS expression?r=0.700,0.729,p<0.01?.When the relative water content of soil was 80%,the expression of PPT ginsenosides was significantly positively correlated with the expression of HMGR and?-AS?r=0.701,0.679,P<0.01?.These results suggest that HMGR,?-AS and CYP716A47 may be important genes of ginsenoside synthesis in response to water regulation.