Study On The Mechanism And Equipment Design Of High-pressure Infiltration Puffing Drying For Panax Quinquefolium

Panax quinquefolium has the functions of improving the body's immunity,improving cardiovascular function,and strengthening the central nervous system,and has a high degree of disease treatment and health care functions.The traditional techniques of Panax quinquefolium have the problems of long processing cycle,cumbersome operation steps,prone to dry branches or red eyes,etc.According to the characteristics of Panax quinquefolium slices,this article first proposes Panax quinquefolium high-pressure infiltration puffing drying technology,which results in less energy consumption and shorter processing,Panax quinquefolium decoction with more active ingredients and better quality.With reference to the research results of the puffing and drying mechanism of fruits and vegetables in recent years,the puffing technology is used to solve the above problems in view of the characteristics of the traditional Panax quinquefolium slices with high density and high texture hardness.However,the traditional puffing and drying technology for fruits and vegetables uses flashing of superheated water to achieve puffing,and the processing temperature is high,which is not suitable for puffing of American ginseng.Therefore,this paper uses low-expansion temperature infiltrating high-pressure gas as the power source for expansion research,hoping to obtain a new Panax quinquefolium sliced technology.First,using apple slices as raw material for high-pressure infiltration puffing drying,the pre-experiment studied the nitrogen?N2?,helium?He?,and carbon dioxide?CO2?on puffing drying properties,and the result showed that the CO2 gas puffing was the best.Therefore,CO2 was finally selected as the gas medium for the Panax quinquefolium puffing drying experiment.In this paper,an experimental platform of high-pressure infiltration puffing drying for Panax quinquefolium is designed and built based on the proposed process parameters.Through experiments,the feasibility of the new processing technology is verified,and they also showed that using CO₂ infiltration puffing drying for Panax quinquefolium slices is feasible.The best process parameters were determined by single factor and orthogonal experiments:the slice thickness is 1mm,the pre-drying moisture content is 20%,the puffing pressure difference is 2.6 MPa,the puffing temperature is 80?,and the vacuum drying time is 2 h.The experimental results provided data support for the design of high-pressure infiltration puffing drying equipment for Panax quinquefolium.Based on the experimental methods and parameters,a set of industrial equipment for puffing drying of Panax quinquefolium at high pressure is designed.The overall structure includes puffing system,vacuum system,pressurizing system,cooling system,pressure relief system,heating and Cooling device and other parts.The puffing tank body,jacketed,head,sight glass,the bearing,three clamp quick opening closure of the Panax quinquefolium puffing equipment,and the vacuum drying tank body,head,and the bearing were designed and selected.This equipment can realize the industrial production of high-pressure infiltration puffing drying for Panax quinquefolium.Based on the principles of thermo-dynamic and heat transfer,the thermal force and energy of the puffing tank in the working process were analyzed,and a new type of heating device?ie,the heat exchanger?was designed.The heating device has great advantages in improving heat transfer efficiency,reducing production costs,and ensuring product quality.The finite element analysis software was used to analyze the structure of the designed puffing tank body and conical head in the pressure heating phase and the vacuum drying phase.The analysis shows that the maximum stress of the tank appears near the connection flange between the inner surface and the tank,and the maximum stress of the tapered head appears near the connection between the large end of the tapered head and the tank body of the expanded tank.The maximum allowable stress is also small,and the structural strength meets the design and production requirements.Considering the analysis results and processing costs comprehensively,the tank thickness ?=10 mm and the conical head shell thickness ?=10 mm is selected.