Effects Of Feeding Garlic Peel On Fecal Metabolomics Of Hu Sheep

The area bordering Jiangsu,Shandong,Henan and Anhui province have abundent garlic production,and some local sheep and sheep breeding enterprises have completely replaced conventional roughage with garlic peel.Given this new situation in production,this study compares the impact of garlic peel with conventional roughage(corn straw silage)on Hu sheep from the perspective of fecal metabolomics,aims to evaluate the rationality of using garlic peel as complete roughage.Healthy female young Hu sheep weighing 38 ± 3 kg were randomly divided into EP group(feed with garlic peel as complete roughage)and CT group(feed with corn stover silage as roughage),30 animals / group for 60 days.At the end of the experiment,the feces of 8 Hu sheep were collected from each of the two groups of Hu sheep,and the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS / MS)was used to detect metabolites in two modes,positive ion and negative ion,respectively.Statistical analysis(PCA and PLS-DA)and univariate analysis(Fold-Change(FC)and t-test)are used to screen for differential metabolites,and the metabolic pathway enrichment analysis of differential metabolites is performed based on the KEGG database.The main results are as follows:1)A total of 5885 metabolites were identified in the positive ion mode,which including 2822 with annotation;a total number of 3144 metabolites were identified in the negative ion mode,which including 529 with annotation.2)In positive ion mode,1906 differential metabolites were screened,compared with854 up-regulated and 1052 down-regulated in EP group compared with CT group.In negative ion mode,1032 differential metabolites were screened,of which 461 were up-regulated and 571 were down-regulated.Significantly different metabolites are bile acid,spermidine,L-lysine,cytosine,cytidine,adenine,guanine,adenosine,thymidine,tryptamine,prostaglandin F2α,sulfate,phosphate and so on.3)Differential metabolites participate in 39 metabolic pathways,and the major ones include primary bile acid synthesis,bile secretion,unsaturated fatty acid synthesis,cholesterol metabolism,and purine metabolism.Combined with the corresponding upand down-regulated metabolites,we noticed that after feeding garlic skin,purine metabolism in Hu sheep is enhanced,and metabolism is accelerated;feeding garlic skin may help the body to eliminate bile acids,reduce the reabsorption of bile acids through the liver and intestine circulation.Meanwhile,the accelerate metabolism of cholesterol to bile acid,could decrease cholesterol and promote the synthesis of saturated fatty acids.Conclusion: Replacing traditional roughage with garlic skin is beneficial to the intestinal metabolism of Hu sheep.