| Mammals the intestinal microflora in moulding the host many functional properties is essential,one of the sheep rumen is the interaction between the host and nutrient intake in the first place,rumen microorganisms including bacteria,archaea,fungi and protozoa.It can accurately perception and response ability of diet nutrition level fluctuations is necessary for ruminants metabolic balance.The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect mechanism of GAS on mutton sheep from the angle of rumen microorganism and metabolite,so as to provide theoretical basis for the application of GAS in mutton sheep production.In the experiment,12 healthy and similar Ao Hu hybrid sheep were randomly divided into two groups,six in each group.The weight of each mutton sheep was weighed before the experiment and every 30 days.The rumen fluid and feces were collected on the last day of the experiment.The effects of adding 8% GAS to the diet on the rumen microflora structure and metabolism were studied by high-throughput sequencing and LC-MS metabonomics.The results are as follows:1 Effect of production performance: there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group(34.60±1.50 kg vs 34.68±1.52 kg,P > 0.05).However,rumen is an important organ for digestion and metabolism of mutton sheep,which can convert nutrients into small molecules for absorption and utilization.The average body weight of 8%GAS test group was significantly higher than that of the control group(GAS 50.76±1.72 kg vs Control 45.54±1.18 kg,P<0.05)after 66 d culture test,and the average daily gain of GAS test group was significantly higher than that of the control group(GAS 244.84 ± 24.59 g vs Control 164.55 ± 16.13 g,P < 0.05);the average feed conversion rate of 8%GAS group was significantly higher than that of the control group(GAS 18.90 ± 1.13% vs control 13.38 ± 1.31%,P < 0.05).2 The influence of rumen microorganism: Based on the high-throughput sequencing technology of macro gene,the effect of 8% gas added to diet on Rumen Microorganism of mutton sheep was studied.Six phylum bacteria with high abundance were selected as: Firmicutes,Bacteroidetes,actinomycetes Actinobacteria,Euryarchaeota,spirochaetes and tenericutes,among which Firmicutes are the most abundant.There are schwartzia,Selenomonas,centipeda,succiniclasticum,bulletia,sporobacter,saccharofermentans,Clostridium IV,Ruminococcus,stomatobaculum,lachnospiracea insertae in Firmicutes＿Sedis,butyrivibrio,etc.The results showed that there was no significant difference in species richness between gas group and con group(control group).Prevotella has the highest abundance in genus classification.Prevotella,methanobrevibacter,succiniclasticum,Selenomonas,ruminoccus Clostridium IV,barnesiella,lachnospiracea are found in gas group and con group＿incertae＿Sedis,centipeda,butyrivibrio,paraprevotella,Treponema,bulletia,schwartzia,anaeroplasma,Bifidobacterium,sporobacter,acetoberoids,saccharoferments,stomatobaculum,etc.Among them,Prevotella,methanobrevibacter,succiniclasticum,Selenomonas,etc.were upregulated;desulfobulbus,methanosphaera,falsiporphyronas,anaerovibrio,etc.were down regulated.The results showed that there was a cross phenomenon between CON group and gas group,and there was no significant difference between the two groups.3 Effects of rumen metabolites: Based on LC-MS metabonomics technology,the effects of 8% gas added to diet on rumen metabolism regulation were studied.48 metabolic markers were obtained after differential screening.These metabolites mainly include amino acids,fatty acids,purine pyrimidines and organic acids.However,the contents of 2-methylbenzoic acid,phenolphthalein,ribulose 5-phosphate,cholic acid,dihydroxy fumarate,Resorcinol,heptadecanoic acid,L-methionine s-oxide,nervonic acid,erucic acid,tryptophan,palmitic acid and flutamide in the rumen of mutton sheep were significantly lower than those in the control group when 8% gas was added to the diet-The contents of amino-3-methoxy-benzoic acid,3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid,salicylic acid,3,3-dimethylglutaric acid,glycine,phenyllactate,catechol,xanthine acid,3-methyluridine,1-methyladenosine,D-galacturonic acid,5-hydroxyhexanoic acid and nicotinamide in the diet were significantly higher than those in the control group,which indicated that the addition of 8% gas in the diet could have an effect on the rumen metabolites of sheep.Further studies showed that 8% gas could affect 10 rumen metabolic pathways,among which pyrimidine metabolism,unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis,ascorbic acid and aldehyde metabolism,niacin and nicotinamide metabolism,tryptophan metabolism were the most significant.The results showed that 8% GAS could improve the performance of mutton sheep compared with normal diet,and had no significant effect on rumen microbial population structure,but GAS had significant effect on rumen metabolites.It can provide scientific and practical guidance for the application of 8% GAS in ruminant healthy breeding. |
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