Effect Of Probiotics With Added Glucose Oxidase And Illicium Verum Extract On Jejunal Absorption And Cecum Microorganism Of Weaned Piglets

In order to explore the effect and mechanism of probiotics with added glucose oxidase(PGO)and/or Illicium verum extract contaminated diets on absorption and microflora of weaned piglets,nutrient digestibility,the location and expression of related genes and cecum microflora were studied in this research.The location and expression of related genes were compared by HE staining,Immunohistochemistry,qRT-PCR and Western blot.The cecum microflora was compared by high-throughput analysis.A total of thirty two healthy 28-day-old weaned piglets(Duroc × Landrace × Large white;14.96 ±0.30 kg)were selected and randomly divided into 4 treatments.Each treatment consisted of 8 replicates and 1 piglet per replicate.There was no significant difference in initial body weight between treatments(P > 0.05).Piglets in control were fed with basal diet only(IVEPGO-;without any plant extract and probiotics),basal diet + 1000 mg/kg PGO(IVE-PGO+),basal diet + 500 mg/kg IVE(IVE+PGO-),and the basal diet + 500 mg/kg IVE + 1000 mg/kg PGO(IVE+PGO+),respectively.All piglets were fed individually in a metabolic cage for 42 days after 7-d adaptation.The main results were as follows: Interactions on EE,CP and lysine digestibility,villus length and chorionic gland ratio,protein expression of Occludin,ZO-1,SGLT1 and CAT1 were found between PGO and IVE(P < 0.05).In compared with the control treatment,PGO treatment significantly increased(P < 0.05)the EE,CP and lysine digestibility,NPU,villus length and chorionic gland ratio,mRNA expression of SGLT1,protein expression of occludin,ZO-1and SGLT1;IVE treatment significantly increased(P < 0.05)the EE,CP and lysine digestibility,NPU,chorionic gland ratio,mRNA and protein expression of Occludin,ZO-1,SGLT1 and CAT1,but decreased(P < 0.05)the crypt depth.Immunohistochemical results showed that SGLT1 gradually increased from the top to the middle part of the villi,and mainly distributed in the middle part of the jejunal villi and the chylous ducts;ZO-1 was mainly distributed in the jejunal microvilli and the choriochylous duct wall of piglets,and the positive points of ZO-1 on choriochylous duct wall were mostly beaded.High throughput sequencing results of cecum showed that PGO significantly decreased(P < 0.05)the abundance of Treponema on the level of Phylum,abundance levels of [Ruminococcus],Ruminococcus,Coprococcus and Treponema on the genus level,but increased abundance of Desulfovibrio on the genus level;IVE significantly decreased(P < 0.05)the abundance of Proteobacteria on the level of Phylum,abundance of Desulfovibrio and Ruminococcus on the genus level,but increased the abundance of Ruminococcus,Coprococcus,Lactobacillus and Treponema on the genus level.Overall,PGO and IVE showed a positive effect on nutrient digestibility,expression of absorption and tight junction protein related factors in jejunal of weaned piglets,and there were significant interactions between them;PGO and IVE may improve the nutrient digestibility and growth performance of piglets by up-regulating factors of integrity of the jejunum structure(Occludin,ZO-1),and of absorption receptor(SGLT1,CAT1);PGO and IVE could inhibit the abundance of some pathogenic microorganisms in cecum of piglets,improve the balance of intestinal microecology,and promote the growth and development of piglets.