Breeding And Industrialization Of High-yield And High-quality Wheat Xumai 31

Huanghuai area is one of the main wheat producing areas in China,Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province.The main production varieties are medium-strength gluten type,and the protein content and quality are better than those in the southern winter wheat area and spring wheat area.Due to the serious shortage of high-quality,high-resistance and high-yield high-quality wheat varieties,it is difficult to meet the needs of local enterprises and agricultural production.Therefore,the promotion of new varieties of high-quality medium-strength gluten wheat with improved yield and quality,and resistance to fertilizer and lodging,and the implementation of regionalized layout,large-scale planting and industrialization have become the top priority for wheat production development in Huanghuai region.This study was mainly carried out at the Xuzhou Institute of Agricultural Sciences in Xuhuai District,Jiangsu Province.The method of stepping was adopted.The tobacco 188 was used as the female parent,and Xuzhou No.26 was used as the male parent for hybridization.Combined with molecular marker-assisted screening method,the field agronomic traits monitoring was strengthened.,excellent selection,targeted selection,innovation,and thus constantly improve the unfavorable traits,promote the accumulation of excellent genes,and finally screen the breeding of high-yield,high-quality and strong gluten new variety Xu Mai 31(certification number:Guo Jumai 2011005).The main characteristics of Xumai 31 are medium-strength gluten,high yield,stable yield,medium maturity,semi-winter,multi-panicle type,three yield factors are coordinated,the tillering rate is high,the seeding is good,and the grain is large.The comprehensive disease resistance is good,the stem has good elasticity,strong lodging resistance,late broadcast resistance and wide adaptability.From 2007 to 2011,the Huaibei Tablet Early Broadcasting Group and the Huanghuai South Film in Jiangsu Province,the average yield of Xumai 31 reached 524.82kg,which was about 3%higher than that of the control varieties Huaimai 18 and Zhoumai 18.The real production reached 650kg/mu,and the high yield potential is outstanding.In 2013,"Xumai 31 demonstration and promotion of new varieties of strong gluten wheat" was included in the national-level Spark project.After many years of regional trials,Xumai 31 has good resistance to powdery mildew,resistance to stripe rust,high resistance to spindle mosaic disease,moderate leaf rust,scab and sheath blight.Field performance has better comprehensive resistance,stronger lodging resistance,medium maturity,and better maturity.Large-scale demonstrations show that Xumai 31's resistance to scab,dry hot wind and lodging resistance is significantly better than that of Yannong 19,Dwarf Kang 58,and Jimai 22,and it was rated as more resistant to scab by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas in 2018.One of the green varieties.The quality test results of the test samples in the southern Huanghuai area of 2009 and 2010 showed that the wheat bulk density was 795.5/785.0 g/L,protein(dry basis)15.06/16.13%,wet gluten 33.0/35.6%,and sedimentation value 46.7/53.0.mL,water absorption rate 57.8%/57.4%,stabilization time 8.4/6.4 min,maximum anti-delay resistance 303E.U./218E.U.,tensile area 70/58 cm2,elongation 169/188 mm,grain hardness index 58.5 In line with the national second-class strong gluten wheat standard.After many years of experimental demonstration,the variety is suitable for planting in the northern part of Susie,north of Henan and Guanzhong in Shaanxi.By studying the effects of different sowing dates,sowing density and fertilizer on the yield of Xumai 31,it was found that the variety has a large sowing date and is suitable for early,middle and late cultivation of different mouths,and has wide adaptability.In production,the application of nitrogen fertilizer can be adjusted to increase grain protein content,wet gluten content,SDS sedimentation value,and improve its processing quality within a certain range.It is recommended to apply 1000kg of organic fertilizer per acre to increase soil organic matter content,improve soil physical and chemical properties,and promote soil fertility.It is recommended to apply nitrogen fertilizer(in N)15-18 kg,phosphate fertilizer(in P2O2)8-10 kg,potassium fertilizer(in K2O)8-10 kg,and zinc sulfate 1-1.5 kg per mu.Through experiment and demonstration,the research integrates the production technical regulations of Xumai 31,and builds an industrial promotion strategy with the core of expanding the scope of demonstration planting,perfecting the marketing network,establishing a breeding base,improving after-sales service and implementing brand strategy.Through summing up the production practice for many years,it is found that due to the combined effects of climate,production technology implementation,and human factors,the number of qualified seeds(kg),the base area(mu),the yield per mu(kg/mu)×0.618,Close to the golden ratio.Therefore,in the course of practice,according to the principle of fixed sales,the breeding area should be appropriately expanded according to the proportion to meet market demand.In autumn 2015,Xumai 31 promoted planting 4.816 million mu.In 2009-2015,the total area of promotion was 19.944 million mu,increasing production of wheat by 351 million kg,and increasing social and economic benefits by 772 million yuan.At present,Xumai 31 has become the anniversary of rice and wheat in Huanghuai area.The preferred variety of high yield has promoted the quality and efficiency of wheat production in this area.