Analysis Of Agronomic Traits Of Wheat Germplasm In Huanghuai Wheat Area

The genetic diversity of wheat germplasm resources is the key to innovation and breakthrough in wheat breeding,but the study found that the existing germplasm resources in Huanghuai wheat area have problems such as small genetic diversity and narrow genetic basis.Therefore,in order to clarify the genetic differences and characteristics of wheat germplasm in Huanghuai wheat area and improve the efficiency of wheat breeding,the six main agronomic traits of heading days,plant height,ear length,spikelet number,grain number per ear and 1000-grain weight were used in this study.Indicators,analysis and analysis of263 wheat varieties from the four provinces of Huanghuai Wheat area.The main results of this study are as follows:(1)The variability analysis showed that all the agronomic traits of the tested materials had a certain variation range,among which the coefficient of variation of kernel number was the largest(14.27%),and the variation of heading days was the smallest(0.78%);among the four provinces The plant height(6.68%)and 1000-grain weight(4.21%)of Hebei test materials had the smallest coefficient of variation,and the coefficient of variation of kernel number was the largest(15.09%);the ear length(8.21%)and spikelet number of Henan test materials The coefficient of variation of(6.17%)and kernel number(12.81%)was the smallest,and the coefficient of variation of 1000-grain weight was the largest(9.05%).The coefficient of variation of ear length in Shandong was the largest(10.24%);the strain of tested materials in Shanxi Province The coefficient of variation of high(11.46%)and spikelet number(8.14%)was the largest.The traits of wheat tested in the four provinces were as follows: the wheat germplasm of Shanxi Province had the highest average plant height,large ear,multi-grain and large grain;the wheat in Henan showed the shortest plant height and spikelet.The characteristics of 1000-grain weight are the most important;the agronomic traits of wheat germplasm in Hebei and Shandong are basically similar,between Henan and Shanxi.(2)Correlation analysis showed that the traits with extremely significant positive correlation were plant height and ear length(0.37),ear length and spikelet number(0.20),grain number per ear(0.22),number of spikelets and number of kernels per ear(0.62);There was a significant negative correlation between plant height and heading days(-0.20),spikelets(-0.17),1000-grain weight and kernel number(-0.21).(3)The results of cluster analysis showed that 263 test materials were clustered into 6 groups,and thewheat germplasm materials of each province were distributed among the six groups,but the division between regions was not obvious;the materials of the same province were large.The taxa are also distributed,so the differences in the geographical origin of wheat germplasm do not necessarily represent differences in their genetic diversity.In the future breeding practice,the hybrid combination of wheat germplasm among the groups can be used to select the ideal new wheat line.