| At present,the degree of soil salinization in China is reatively serious,greatly limits the growth of crops on saline land,however,because the saline land is less polluted by fertilizers and pesticides,there are few studies on planting Chinese medicinal materials on saline land during production.Therefore traditional plowing and powder ridge farming were carried out on two soils with different.degrees of salinization,To explore the changes of morphological index,physiological index,yield and effective components of Astragalus membranaceus var.Mongholicus and Sophpra flavescens ait,at the same time,the effect of the cultivation of Chinese medicinal materials on the geochemical characteristics of saline-alkali under the powder ridge cultivation method was also explored.The result is as follows:1.The morphological indexes of Astragalus membranaceus var.and Sophpra flavescens ait were significantly higher than that of traditional tillage treatment under powder ridge cultivation.The planting heights of the two plots with low salinity and high salinity were increased by 18.2%and 13.6%respectively compared with the traditional tillage treatment of the two plots,stem thickness increases by 27.8%and 19.3%root length increases by 18.3%and 18.2%,root thickness increases by 19.7%and 12.4%,surface area increases by 34.8%and 33.9%,and root volume increases by 30.5%and 57.4%;The planting height of the two plots with low salinity and high salinity of Sophpra flavescens ait increased by 34.1%and 18.9%respectively compared with the traditional tillage treatment of the two plots,stem thickness increased by 19.9%and 26.2%,root length increased by 21.3%and 17.9%,root thickness increased by 30.5%and 24.1%,surface area increased by 28.9%and 33.3%,and root volume increased by 34.5%and 42.1%.2.The net photosynthetic rate,Fv/Fm value,and chlorophyll content of leaves of Astragalus mongholicus and Sophora flavescens treated with powder ridge cultivation in two plots were significantly improved compared with traditional cultivation.The SOD,POD and CAT activities of Astragalus mongholicus leaves in the two plots were significantly lower than that of traditional tillage treatment,SOD activity decreased by 18.4%and 13.2%respectively;POD activity decreased by 36.5%and 33.7%;CAT activity decreased by 76.2%and 72.1%respectively.3.In plots with low soil salinity,the highest yield of Astragalus membranaceus var.was treated by powder ridge cultivation(6825.63 kg/hm2),the highest treatment of Sophpra flavescens ait was powder ridge cultivation(5643.51 kg/hm2),Increase yield by 23%and 16.4%respectively compared with traditional farming treatment;In plots with high soil salinity,The highest yield treatment of Astragalus membranaceus var.was powder ridge cultivation(6525.48 kg/hm2),the highest yield treatment of Sophpra flavescens ait was powder ridge cultivation(5408.61 kg/hm2),compared with the traditional farming treatment,the yield was increased by 24.4%and 24.9%respectively.4.The content of astragaloside IV and mullein isoflavone glucoside is highest under the treatment of powder ridge cultivation in the soil with higher salinization degree,reached 0.2312%and 0.083%,Followed by the treatment.of powder ridge farming with low soil salinity,reached 0.112%and 0.066%;The content of the two active ingredients under traditional farming treatment reached 0.61%and 0.27%in the plots with low soil salinity.In the plots with high soil salinization degree,they reached 0.082%and 0.058%,respectively.All meet the requirements of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia(notless than 0.04%).5.Effect of powder ridge farming on soil physical and chemical properties:Soil moisture content is significantly higher than traditional tillage treatment,The soil compactness and bulk density of each soil layer decreased significantly.In plots with low soil salinity,Compared with traditional tillage,the soil moisture content of powder ridge farming increased by 11.2%(0-20 cm)and 13.9%(20-40 cm),Soil compactness decreased by 49.3%(20 cm)and 49.1%(40 cm),and bulk density decreased by 6.7%(0-20 cm)and 8.4%(20-40 cm);In plots with a high degree of soil salinization,the soil moisture content increased by 19.9%(0-20 cm)and 22.2%(20-40 cm),and the soil compactness decreased by 47.2%(20 cm)and 48.9%(40 cm),the bulk density decreased by 9.1%(0-20 cm)and 6.8%(20-40 cm).The total salt.content and soil pH are significantly lower than the conventional farming of the control.Soil organic matter in the two plots increased by 31.5%and 26.7%;total salt content decreased by 0.31%and 0.36%;pH value decreased by 4.1%and 62%,respectively. |
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