| Aiming at the problem of unreasonable sowing period and fertilization affecting oat yield and quality during oat production in the Yinshan hilly area,this experiment studied the effects of water and heat factors and fertilization on oat growth and yield and quality in different sowing periods.The nonlinear regression equation of the objective function,and to find the best sowing period and fertilization amount,provide theoretical basis and technical support for the oat planting and fertilization in this area.The research results are as follows:1.As the planting period is postponed,the growth period is gradually shortened.The precipitation and accumulated temperature from heading to jointing stage have a significant correlation between the days of oat filling and maturity.With the delay of the sowing date,the plant height and stem thickness of oats showed a gradual increasing trend,and the plant height and stem thickness reached the maximum when sowing on May 28.2.With the postponement of the sowing date,the oat grain yield is gradually increasing.Accumulated temperature mainly affects the 1000-grain weight and precipitation in the yield components,and the number of spikes per ear mainly affects the yield components.The maximum grain yields in 2018 and 2019 are 3189.57 Kg/hm 2 and 3174.15 Kg/hm2,respectively.With the delay of the sowing date,the grain quality showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing.The crude protein,crude fat and β-glucan content sown on May 18 showed the maximum value.3.With the postponement of the cutting period,the oat hay production tends to increase first and then decrease.The maximum oat hay production can be obtained during the cutting in the filling period.Accumulated temperature was significantly positively correlated with the yield of fresh oat grass,and precipitation was not significantly correlated with forage yield.Forage crude protein,crude fat and soluble sugar showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the delay of the sowing date.Forage grass had the highest crude protein and crude fat content when sown on May 18,while forage grass had the highest content The soluble sugar content is the highest.Forage neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber reached their maximum when they were sown on May 8.4.The effect of single factor on oat grain yield is as follows:sowing date>nitrogen application>phosphorus application.Three factors are available for optimization.When the nitrogen application rate of oats is 45.94Kg/hm2,the phosphorus application rate is 89.25Kg/hm2,and the seeding period is June 6,the maximum oat grain yield is 3029.71kg/hm2 and 3028.80kg/hm2 and 3190.97kg/hm2.The optimal solution to the equation shows that when the nitrogen application rate is 43.69 kg/hm2,the phosphorus application rate is 78 kg/hm2,and the sowing date is June 7,the maximum oat yield reaches 3197.04 kg/hm2。... |
