Effect Of Foliar Spraying With Fulvic Acid On Yield,Quality And Feeding Value Of Grain-forage Oats

Oats（Avena sativa L.）is an important grain-feeding crop in the world,and the vigorous development of oat production in Heilongjiang Province is conducive to the rotation of cropland and soil conservation,coordinated development of agriculture and animal husbandry,and also in line with the development trend of the health industry of planting medical food crops.However,the north is an ecologically fragile area such as arid and cold,which is prone to uneven quality of oat products,resulting in low nutritional quality（physiologically active substances）of the seeds and feeding value of the straw.Therefore,this experiment was conducted to study the commercial quality of grain-feeding oats and hay by comparing the commercial quality of grain-feeding oats in different ecological types of the Sanjiang Plain and the Songnen Plain in Heilongjiang Province,and foliar spraying different concentrations of soluble fulvic acid fertilizer on oats before flowering to study the effect of post-flowering nutritional control on the commercial quality of oat seeds and hay in terms of nutrient content and feeding value.To provide high quality raw material grains for food processing and animal husbandry,as well as to provide theoretical basis for the development of oat cultivation technology.The results showed that:1.64 oat varieties with different origins and sources were used as materials for the evaluation and analysis of nutritional quality using a combination of correlation and principal component analysis,and crude protein,crude starch,zinc,copper,β-glucan and flavonoid content were determined as the core indexes for quality evaluation,and six skin oat varieties and three naked oat varieties with better nutritional quality were selected accordingly.The skin oat variety XY-2019-1 was used for the fulvic acid regulation quality test.2.The hay yield of oats in the Mishan test area was higher than that in the Anda test area,while foliar spraying of fulvic acid promoted the accumulation of dry matter in oat plants,increased the number of grains and thousand grain weight per plant,and improved the economic coefficient.The treatment with 2.67 kg·hm^-2 of fulvic acid was effective,and the oat seed yield increased by 65.5%and hay yield increased by 52.8%compared with the control.3.Several indexes of seed nutritional quality such as oatβ-glucan,total alkaloid content and trace elements such as phosphorus,potassium,calcium,iron,manganese and copper in the Mishan test area were higher than those in the Anda test area,while foliar spraying of fulvic acid had a regulatory effect on a number of seed nutritional quality of oats independent of the ecological area.The foliar application of fulvic acid was beneficial to the accumulation of carbohydrates,mineral elements,saponins,phytic acid and flavonoids in oats in the Anda test area,while it promoted the formation of seed protein and alkaloids in the Mishan test area.In a comprehensive analysis,the regulating effect of fulvic acid dosage 8.00 kg·hm^-2 treatment was greater than other fulvic acid concentration treatments.4.The nutritional quality and forage value of oat hay were both influenced by the planting area and fulvic acid,the crude fat and total sugar content of oat hay in Anda test area was higher,but the content of lignin and detergent fiber was also higher;oat hay in Mishan test area had higher content of non-fibrous carbohydrates,crude protein,mineral elements and fructan,and the relative forage value,digestibility and effective energy of hay were higher than those in Anda test area.The relative forage value,digestibility and effective energy of hay were higher than those of the Anda test area.fulvic acid treatment significantly improved the nutritional quality and forage value of oat hay,and its regulation effect tended to increase with the increase of fulvic acid treatment concentration,and the net energy value of oat hay weight gain was increased by more than 60.0%and milk yield was significantly increased by 14.11%and 15.15%compared with the control in Mishan and Anda test areas respectively.A comprehensive analysis of economic yield,quality and benefits of oats showed that the amount of fulvic acid of 5.33 kg·hm^-2 in Mishan area was more effective in foliar spraying before flowering,while 2.67 kg·hm^-2 in Anda area could obtain better results(1350 L·hm^-2 in both areas);the high concentration of fulvic acid could further improve the nutritional and forage value of oat hay.