Effect Of Fermented Feed On Growth Performance And Intestinal Flora Of Wenchang Chickens In Fattening Period

Wenchang chicken is a famous local high-quality broiler breed in Hainan Province.It was named after it was first born in Wenchang City,Hainan Province.Wenchang chicken for meat is mainly hen.The meat quality of Wenchang chicken has the characteristics of color,aroma,flavor,shape and nutrition.Wenchang chicken is the first of the"four famous dishes"in Hainan Province.The breeding process of Wenchang chicken is divided into three stages:brooding,rearing（stocking）and fattening（cage rearing）.The fattening stage is the key link in the feeding process of Wenchang Chicken.In this experiment,Wenchang Chicken at fattening stage was used as experimental animal to study the effect of microbial fermented feed on the growth performance and intestinal environment of Wenchang Chicken at fattening stage,and to optimize the production process of fermented feed.In this study,three strains of yeast,lactobacilli and bacillus subtilis were selected as inoculating bacteria for anaerobic fermentation.On the basis of selecting the best mix proportion of three kinds of bacteria,the feed fermentation parameters were optimized,and then the effect of fermentation feed on the growth performance of Wenchang Chicken was studied by feeding experiment,and the effect of fermentation feed on the intestinal tract flora of Wenchang Chicken was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology.In conclusion,the results of this experiment provide a theoretical basis for the further application of fermented feed in Wenchang Chicken.Results are as follows:1.The optimal proportion of strains for fermentation of Wenchang Chicken feed is as follows:Yeast 1.8×10⁸cfu/ml,Lactobacillus 1.35×10⁸cfu/ml and Bacillus subtilis 4×10¹¹cfu/ml;The optimum technology of feed fermentation for Wenchang Chicken is 25～30⁰C,fermentation time is 5 days and feed water content is 45%.2.160 Wenchang chickens（females）of 113 days old with similar body weight were randomly divided into control group,experiment 1 group,experiment 2 group and Experiment 3 group.The control group was fed with unfermented mixed feed,and the test group was fed with fermented mixed feed.The content of fermented feed in the first group was 10%,that in the second group was 20%,and that in the third group was 30%.The results showed that the daily gain of test group 1,2 and 3 was not significantly higher than that of control group（P>0.05）,and the daily intake and feed weight ratio of control group was not significantly higher than that of test group 1,2and 3（P>0.05）.The results showed that fermented feed could improve the growth performance of Wenchang Chicken to some extent,but the effect was not obvious.（Control group and test groups 1,2 and 3,corresponding to CC2,CF1,CF2,CF3 groups）3.To a certain extent,fermented feed can increase the diversity of flora,promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria and inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria.The results showed that the relative abundance of Chlamydomonas was 42.02%in CC2control group,43.00%in CF1 test group,43.68%in CF2 test group and 43.81%in CF3 test group.It was also found that the proportion of beneficial bacteria such as rumen bacteria and trichospirillum increased,and the proportion of harmful bacteria such as Escherichia coli decreased,but the effect was not particularly obvious.