Research On Total Factor Productivity Of Beef Cattle Breeding Industry In Jilin Province Under Environment Constraints

Jilin Province has an open terrain,a suitable climate,a well-developed planting industry,and high yields of corn and other crops.It provides sufficient feed for beef cattle breeding,is conducive to beef cattle breeding,and makes beef cattle breeding industry leading in the country.However,with the increasing intensification of the beef cattle breeding industry and the expansion of the breeding scale,the discharge of pollutants has increased year by year,and the contradiction between manure discharge and environmental protection has become prominent.The dilemma of coordinated development of environmental protection and economic growth of the beef cattle breeding industry needs urgent solution.In order to solve the dilemma,this article first uses the statistics on the cost and benefit of beef cattle from 2000 to 2016 Jilin Province Agricultural Product Cost and Income Data Compilation" to analyze the input and output composition and changes of beef cattle breeding in Jilin Province.Taking the beef cattle breeding industry in Jilin Province as the main research object,the DEA-Malmquist productivity index method was used to calculate the total factor productivity(TFP)of traditional beef cattle breeding industry in five counties and cities in Jilin Province from 2000 to 2016.Then,with traditional input-output variables unchanged and environmental pollution introduced as "unexpected" output,the total factor productivity(TFP)of the beef cattle breeding industry in Jilin Province was calculated through the Malmquist-Luenberger productivity index method based on DEA and compared to the total factor productivity(TFP)of traditional beef cattle breeding industry.The research shows that the average total factor productivity of beef cattle breeding industry in Jilin Province from 2000 to 2016 without considering environmental constraints was0.981;and the average total factor productivity of beef cattle breeding industry in Jilin Province after considering environmental constraints was 0.942,which was lower than the former.Besides,the difference between the two shows a trend of increasing year by year.This shows that the negative impact of beef cattle pollutant discharge on the beef cattle breeding industry is increasingly severe.The "good" growth rate of output in the development of beef cattle breeding is lower than the "bad" reduction rate of output,indicating that environmental pollution has hindered technological progress,and this negative effect is greater than the positive impact of improved technical efficiency.It can be seen that if the environmental pollution of beef cattle breeding industry is not considered,the total factor productivity of beef cattle breeding industryin Jilin Province will be overestimated.This study proposes the following policy recommendations:(1)Improving beef cattle breeding technology and promoting the construction of service system.We can establish a more sound science and technology extension service system,and provide technical training,expert guidance,and demonstration by large breeders to improve beef cattle breeding technology.Provide technical training to farmers to increase the growth rate of beef cattle and shorten the breeding cycle.(2)Further improvement of pollutant treatment.In terms of pollutant treatment,we should promote wet and dry separation of manure and urine,dry manure accumulation fermentation and other methods of manure removal,organic fertilizer processing of manure pollutants and biogas production and utilization to reduce pollutant emissions.(3)The improvement of the cultivation system and efficiency of resource allocation.It is wise to adopt a combination of offline training and field investigation,focusing on the cultivation of beef cattle breeding personnel and animal husbandry and veterinary personnel,combining theory with practice.(4)Changing the feeding structure and scientific feeding.Relevant government departments should adapt to local conditions,contact local agricultural research departments and universities in related fields according to the geomorphology and climatic conditions of different regions,according to the development of beef cattle breeding industry,it is necessary to improve feed formula from feed addition and ratio to promote the reduction of nitrogen and phosphorus.At the same time,an epidemic prevention and control system was established to raise the awareness of quality and safety of beef cattle farmers.