| In order to further clarify the characteristics of soil moisture in the Lycium barbarum planting area of the Bayin River Basin and increase the production and water use efficiency of the Lycium barbarum in the arid area and also alleviate the shortage of water resources in the main Lycium barbarum production areas in the Bayin River Basin.In this study,the Lycium barbarum field in Delingha planting area of Baying River Basin was used as the research object,and the unrecovered Lycium barbarum field was used as a control.Based on the integral control of water and fertilization,through the cultivation measures such as ridge,mulch and adjusting the ridge-to-furrow width ration,the physical and chemical properties of soil,the characteristics of fertility change,the characteristics of soil water change,soil evaporation,crop growth,crop yield and water use efficiency were studied.The TOPSIS method was used to systematically evaluate the soil moisture characteristics under different cultivation measures,and the optimal cultivation measures and the best ridge-to-furrow width ration for the cultivation of Lycium barbarum in the area were identified,which provided a scientific basis for the selection of suitable cultivation schemes for Lycium barbarum cultivation in this region.The main results are as follows:(1)The soil sand content in the study area is between 61.44% and 91.72%,and the silt and clay content are relatively small,which is a typical sandy soil.Among different cultivation measures,the soil sand content was the smallest in the ridge-furrow and film cover measures.In terms of nutrients,except for normal potassium content,organic matter and nitrogen are lacking.The coefficient of variation of the nutrient showed the minimum p H.Except for available phosphorus,the coefficient of variation of the available nutrients was greater than the coefficient of variation corresponding to the total amount of nutrients.The results of comprehensive evaluation of soil fertility were: ridge-furrow and film cover> flat land and film cover >ridge-furrow and bare land> flat land and bare land.(2)Precipitation in the test area is small and is mainly dominated by invalid rainfall(<5mm rainfall).The soil moisture content under different cultivation measures in order from high to low is: GLBb>PM>LL>CK.Compared with CK,the ridge and mulch measures increased soil moisture content by 4.61% and 21.31%,respectively.The soil moisture content of ridge-furrow and film cover under different ridge-to-furrow width rations was GLBc>GLBb>GLBd>GLBa.With the ditch width decreasing continuously,the soil moisture content increased first and then decreased,and the maximum was at the ditch width of 18 cm.The soil evaporation in the test area has obvious seasonality,which mainly occurs in July and August.The soil evaporation intensity increased first and then decreased with the growth period.The evaporation intensity was highest during the blossom stage,and the autumn berry harvest period was the smallest.The order of evaporation was affected by different cultivation measures: LL>CK>PM>GLBb,The furrow and ridge mulching measures have the most obvious inhibitory effect,and the main effect is mulching measure.Evaporation is affected by different ridge-to-furrow width rations: GLBa>GLBb> GLBc>GLBd.(3)Lycium barbarum had the fastest growth in plant height,canopy and stem diameter during blossom stage,and the slowest growth between summer berry harvest and autume berry harvest stage.Among different cultivation measures,the growth of Lycium barbarum under mulch measure was the best,and it was the best measure in the three indexes of plant height,canopy and stem diameter.The performance of GLBc was optimal among different ridge-to-furrow width rations.The coefficient of variation method was used to calculate the comprehensive growth quality index of seven different measures,and the values in descending order were: GLBc>GLBb>GLBd>GLBa>PM>LL>CK.The furrow and ridge mulching measures had the best effect of increasing production and saving water.Compared with CK,water consumption was reduced by 5.01%,yield was increased by 51.25%,and water use efficiency was increased by 58.94%.In the experiments of furrow and ridge covering with different ridge-to-furrow width rations,the one-dimensional quadratic regression equation was fitted to analyze the furrow width and medlar yield,and the optimal yield and water use efficiency were both treated by GLBc.(4)The TOPSIS method was used to systematically evaluate the water characteristics of different treatments.The results showed that: GLBc>GLBd>GLBb>GLBa>PM>LL>CK.The GLBc(ridge-to-furrow width ration 18:32)measures had the best evaluation results,the flat land and bare land(CK)evaluated the worst.Therefore,the area should continue to adopt the ridge-furrow and film cover cultivation method based on drip irrigation,and set the ridge-to-furrow width ration to 18cm: 32 cm.This cultivation method has the best water retention and water use effects,and can promote the growth of Lycium barbarum.It is suitable for the Bayin River Cultivation model of Lycium barbarum cultivation. |
