Lactic Acid Bacteria Screening In Grain Amaranth Silage And Its Influence On Quality Of Silage

Amaranth is an annual herb consisting of stem,leaf and grain.It is a kind of grain,feed,vegetable and ornamental crops with high yield and rich nutritional value,and it is also a high-quality green feed for livestock and poult.In this study,lactic acid bacteria suitable for grain amaranth silage were isolated from various samples,and identified through morphological characteristics observation,physiological and biochemical tests and 16 S rDNA sequence analysis.The effects of compound lactic acid bacteria and additives on grain amaranth silage quality were discussed.The aim is to obtain the additives and the amount of additives suitable for silage of grain amaranth.The main research results are as follows:1.Three strains of lactic acid bacteria,named ZX-1,ZX-2 and ZX-3,were isolated and screened from pickle liquor,yoghurt starter and laboratory preservation strain.Morphological observation,physiological and biochemical indexes determination and 16 S rDNA sequence analysis were combined to identify the three strains and construct phylogenetic trees.The strain ZX-1 was enterococcus faecalis,the strain ZX-2was lactobacillus lactobacillus,and the strain ZX-3 was lactobacillus fermentans.2.The effects of ZX-1,ZX-2 and ZX-3 lactic acid bacteria,enzyme,NaCl,carbon sources and organic acids on the quality of grain amaranth silage were studied.The results showed that the contents of dry matter,reducing sugar and crude protein in amaranth silage grain were 23.6%,2.67 mg/g and 13.57%respectively,which were increased by 8.26%,50.00% and 14.13% compared with the control group,ADF content was decreased by 6.92% and pH value was decreased by 0.19 compared with the control group,and the contents of dry matter,reducing sugar and crude protein were all increased by adding 0.24%cellulase.It was increased by 23.1%,2.14 mg/g and 13.82% respectively.Compared with the control group,it was increased by 7.94%,16.30% and 8.31%,NDF content was decreased by 8.79% and pH value was decreased by 0.15.The addition of NaCl could significantly improve the quality of silage.When the addition of NaCl was 1%,DM,WSC and CP increased by 5.83%,18.42% and 5.37%respectively compared with the control group.The content of WSC and CP in silage was increased by50% and 7.43% respectively by adding glucose.The degradation of ADF and NDF and the content of DM,WSC and CP were increased significantly by adding organic acid.Compared with the control,adding formic acid could increase the content of DM and WSC by 6.17% and 26.70%,decrease the content of ADF by 4.74%,and decrease the content of NDF by 3.85%.3.There is the best effect on improving the overall quality of silage when adding NaCl content was1%;cellulase was added by 2.4g/kg;Added 0.3% glucose;Formic acid addition 0.4%;The addition of ZX-1+ZX-2 hybrid strains(Lactococcus lactate and Enterococcus faecalis).