| In order to explore the suitable lactic acid bacteria additives and their suitable concentration in the mixed silage of corn and alfalfa,this experiment used corn and alfalfa as silage raw materials,and selected two homofermentative lactic acid bacteria(Lactobacillus plantarum,Lactobacillus casei)and one heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria:(Lactobacillus brucei),as well as the equal proportion mixed bacterial solution of the above three lactic acid bacteria were used as silage additives,and three concentrations of 1×10~5cfu/g FM,1×10~6cfu/g FM and 1×10~7cfu/g FM were added respectively to explore homotypic and heterotypic lactic acid bacteria.Effects of additives and their added concentrations on the quality and nutritional value of corn-alfalfa mixed silage.The result is as follows:(1)In terms of silage quality,homofermentation of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus casei can significantly improve the final score of silage sensory evaluation and significantly reduce the p H value of silage(P<0.05).The p H increase ratio of Lactobacillus brucei treatments at different concentrations was between 9.7%and 13.7%,which was significantly lower than that of the other groups(P<0.05),and the aerobic stability was the best.Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brucei at 1×10~7cfu/g FM and 1×10~6cfu/g FM significantly decreased the ratio of ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen in silage(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,Lactobacillus plantarum,Lactobacillus casei and mixed bacterial solution could significantly increase the lactic acid content of mixed silage of corn and alfalfa(P<0.05),with an average increase of 25.1%,23.6%and 17.4%,respectively.The content of acetic acid in Lactobacillus brucei treatment group was 20.95mg/g-21.54mg/g,which was significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05).By membership function analysis,1×10?cfu/g FM Lactobacillus brucei,1×10~6cfu/g FM Lactobacillus plantarum,1×10~7cfu/g FM Lactobacillus plantarum,1×10?cfu/g FM Lactobacillus plantarum,1×10?cfu/g FM The silage quality of the 5 kinds of lactic acid bacteria additives of g FM Lactobacillus brucei was better.(2)In terms of nutritional value of silage,except Lactobacillus plantarum with a concentration of 1×10~5cfu/g FM,the other groups of bacteria significantly increased the water content of feed(P<0.05).Each lactic acid bacteria additive had no significant effect on the crude protein and crude fat content of the feed(P>0.05).The ADF contents of Lactobacillus plantarum,Lactobacillus casei,Lactobacillus brucei,and mixed bacterial solution treatment groups were significantly lower than those of the control group at each concentration(P<0.05).1×10~5cfu/g FM,1×10~7cfu/g FM Lactobacillus plantarum,1×10~6cfu/g FM Lactobacillus casei,and 1×10~5cfu/g FM mixed bacterial solution significantly reduced the ADF value of silage(P<0.05).Except for 1×10~6cfu/g FM Lactobacillus brucei treatment,the relative feed value of silage treated with lactic acid bacteria additive in other groups was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).By membership function analysis,The silage quality of1×10~7cfu/g FM Lactobacillus brucei,1×10~6cfu/g FM Lactobacillus plantarum,1×10~6cfu/g FM mixed bacterial solution,1×10~7cfu/g FM Lactobacillus plantarum and 1×10~6cfu/g FM Lactobacillus casei was better.(3)The main factor affecting the quality and nutritional value of corn-alfalfa mixed silage is the type of lactic acid bacteria,and the added concentration has little effect on the quality and nutritional value of silage.Compared with the control group,the homofermentative lactic acid bacteria additive could significantly reduce the p H value of silage(P<0.05),and it was significantly lower than that of the heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria and the partial concentration of the mixed bacterial solution(P<0.05).The lactic acid content in the homofermentative lactic acid bacteria treatment group was also significantly higher than that in the control group and heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria(P<0.05).The content of acetic acid in silage treated with heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria was significantly higher than that in control group,homofermentative lactic acid bacteria treatment and mixed bacterial solution treatment(P<0.05).Its aerobic stability was significantly higher than that in the homofermentative lactic acid bacteria treatment group(P<0.05).The aerobic stability of the mixed bacterial solution treatment group was significantly higher than that of the homofermentative lactic acid bacteria treatment group(P<0.05).The lactic acid content was significantly higher than that in the heterofermentative lactic acid bacteria treatment group(P<0.05).Comprehensive performance of silage under three different concentrations of four lactic acid bacteria additives was better than that of the control group in terms of silage quality and nutritional value.The Lactobacillus plantarum treatment group performed the best at the concentration of 1×10~5cfu/g FM.The comprehensive performance of the mixed bacterial solution at the concentration of 1×10~5cfu/g FM is second only to that of 1×10~5cfu/g FM Lactobacillus plantarum,and it is outstanding in inhibiting the loss of nutrients.Therefore,in production,Lactobacillus plantarum or mixed bacterial solution with a concentration of1×10~5cfu/g FM can be added to improve the quality and nutritional value of the mixed silage of corn and alfalfa. |
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