Soil Nutrients Investigation And Formulated Fertilization Of Wheat In 186 Regiment

In response to the 186 regiment of the 10th Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,poor cultivated land conditions,poor soil nutrients,thin soil,and water shortage,which seriously restricts the prominent problems in agricultural production development.This study takes 175 farms of 186 regiment as research objects.Through the investigation and analysis of the soil nutrient status of 186 regiment,explain the spatial distribution characteristics of soil nutrients in 186 regiment;Combined with the soil nutrient condition and the demand for nutrients in wheat,it is reasonable to guide fertilization.The demonstration and promotion of winter wheat soil testing and formula fertilization technology were carried out.It provides a theoretical basis for the scientific and rational fertilization of the study area and the improvement of fertilizer utilization efficiency.The main results are as follows:?1?From the overall situation of the 186 regiment,the average content of soil organic matter is 14.84 g/kg,and the organic matter content is moderate level;The average content of soil alkaline nitrogen was 61.81 mg/kg,and the content of alkali nitrogen was moderately low level;The average available phosphorus content in soil is 17.03 mg/kg,and the available phosphorus content is moderately high level;The average available potassium in soil was 173.77 mg/kg,and the available potassium content was moderate level.The soil organic matter content,alkali nitrogen content,available phosphorus content and available potassium content of the 186regiment were classified into 3-6 level,2-6 level,1-4 level and 1-4 level.In general,the soil organic matter content of the 186 regiment is generally at the fourth level?medium?.The alkali nitrogen content is generally at the fourth and fifth levels?medium and low?.The available phosphorus content is generally at the tertiary level?medium to high?.Soil available potassium is generally above the third level?more abundant?.?2?The degree of variation in soil nutrient content is expressed as the coefficient of variation of soil organic matter,alkali nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in the 186regiment surface soil was between 25.45%-50.80%,which was moderately variable.Among them,soil available phosphorus has the largest variation?coefficient of variation is 50.8%?.Followed by soil alkaline nitrogen and available potassium,the coefficient of variation is 35.96%and 33.97%.The organic matter content has the lowest coefficient of variation?28.45%?.The spatial variability of soil nutrients in 186 regiment was as follows:available phosphorus>organic matter>alkali nitrogen and available potassium.Soil organic matter,alkali nitrogen and available potassium have strong spatial correlation,and their spatial variability is mainly affected by structural factors?soil parent material,topography,etc.?.However,it is less affected by random factors?irrigation,fertilization,farming measures,etc.?The spatial variability of soil available phosphorus comes from structural factors?soil parent material,topography,etc.?and is more due to random factors?irrigation,fertilization,farming practices,etc.?.?3?The soil gravel content of the 186 regiment farmland is generally high,and it is a coarse bone soil?gravel content>10%?.The farmland soil layer is relatively thin,and the soil water retention and fertilizer retention performance is poor.At the same time,the reaction of soil lime is strong,and calcium carbonate is deposited in a large amount below the tillage layer.The soil pH is between 8.0 and 8.5,and the soil is slightly alkaline.According to the soil gravel content of the186 regiment,the soil texture is preliminarily divided into:non-gravel soil,gravel soil?including less gravel soil,medium gravel soil,multi-gravel soil?and gravelly soil.In general,the non-gravel soil of the 186 regiment only accounted for 4.6%,the gravelly soil accounted for 0.6%,and the gravel soil accounted for about 95%.?4?Based on the soil nutrient status of the 186 regiment,combined with crop target yield and nutrient demand characteristics,a soil testing and fertilization technical scheme for wheat was developed.The average fertilization amount of soil testing and formula fertilization was:nitrogen fertilizer?N?240 kg/hm²,phosphate fertilizer?P₂O₅?65 kg/hm²,and potassium fertilizer?K₂O?40kg/hm².Compared with the traditional fertilization,the recommended application amount of nitrogen fertilizer increased by 2.5%and the application amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer decreased by 40.5%and 10.0%.