Multi-Factor Coupling Regulation Of Water And Fertilizer Based On Comprehensive Growth Of Cherry Tomato

The accurate and efficient management of irrigation and fertilizer is essential for the effective intensive production of greenhouse cherry tomato.In order to aim at the result of improper application of water and fertilizer in the current greenhouse vegetable production management in China.In response to the policy of efficient use of water and fertilizer resources in China's agricultural production,it is expected that modern agriculture will become environmentally friendly and resource efficient.In this study,cherry tomatoes were used as the research object,and a total of three trials were carried out through a combination of greenhouse plot experiment and theory:In the spring of 2018?March-July,2018S?,experiments with irrigation,N,K₂O and Ca O were set up,And in the autumn of 2018?August-December,2018F?and the spring of 2019?March-July,2019S?,experiments with irrigation,N,K₂O and P₂O₅ were set up.The experiment was used four factors of water and fertilizer to carry out orthogonal rotation combination design?one-half implementation?,and each stubble experiment has 23 treatments.We explored the effect of water and fertilizer coupling on the integrated growth of cherry tomatoes.We can characterize the integrated growth factors of cherry tomatoes into four categories:yield factors,growth factors,fruit nutrition quality factors,and fruit flavor quality factors.The sub-factors under each factor are divided into 14categories:number of fruits per plant,quality of single fruit,yield per hectare;total biomass,net photosynthetic rate,plant total N,K,Ca?2018S?or P?2018F and 2019S?Content;Vitamin C content?VC?,lycopene content;total sugar content?TSC?,organic acid?OA?,total soluble solid content?TSSC?and sugar-acid ratio?SAR?.After determining the correlation between the measured data of various indicators,the MFCE was used to comprehensively evaluate the four types of factors that characterize the growth of cherry tomatoes and the 14 sub-factors attached to them.And analyze the correlation between the final evaluation value and the measured value of each indicator.After that,the MFCE value of cherry tomato comprehensive growth and the multi-factors of water and fertilizer were used for polynomial fitting,and the multi-factor control model of water and fertilizer of cherry tomato comprehensive growth based on MFCE value was constructed and the model was optimized for simulation to obtain the best water and fertilizer combination.The specific results are as follows:?1?The subjective and objective weights in the comprehensive evaluation of three crops of cherry tomatoes were obtained,and the subjective weights of factors and subsidiary sub-factors were obtained by analytic hierarchy process?AHP?.The ranking of the four-factor evaluation value of 2018S was:fruit flavor quality index?0.32?>yield index?0.31?>cherry tomato growth index?0.25?>fruit nutrition quality index?0.12?.The rankings of the four-factor evaluation values for 2018F and 2019S are:yield index?0.312?>fruit flavor quality index?0.306?>cherry tomato growth index?0.247?>fruit nutrition quality index?0.135?.We used the entropy weight method to obtain the objective weights of the sub-factors attached to the factors.In 2018S,the largest weight among yield sub-factors was hectare yield?0.56?,the largest among growth sub-factors was net photosynthetic rate?0.51?,the largest weight of fruit nutrition quality sub-factor was lycopene?0.64?,and the sub-factor of flavor quality was the sugar-acid ratio?0.47?.In 2018F,the most important sub-factor weights under the four factors were:single fruit quality?0.78?,net photosynthetic rate?0.48?,fruit lycopene content?0.53?,fruit organic acid content?0.45?.The most important sub-factor weights under the four factors in 2019S were:hectare yield?0.56?,net photosynthetic rate?0.46?,fruit lycopene content?0.52?,fruit sugar-acid ratio?0.37?.?2?After obtaining the subjective and objective weights,a MFCE was used to comprehensively evaluate three crops of cherry tomatoes.In 2018S,the evaluation value of T10?1.68,0,0,0?was the highest,while the evaluation value of T8?-1,-1,-1,-1?was the lowest.In 2018F,T19?0,0,0,0?processed the highest multi-level fuzzy evaluation value,while T7?-1,-1,1,1?processed the lowest evaluation value.In 2019S,the multi-level fuzzy evaluation value of T10?1.68,0,0,0?was the highest,while the evaluation value of T8?-1,-1,-1,-1?was the lowest.?3?After performing Spearman analysis on the MFCE value of the cherry tomato and the measured value of the indicator and showing that the result is reasonable,the four factors of water and fertilizer and the comprehensive evaluation value were polynomial fitted(F_regression=5.132,13.842 and 17.603 in three seasons),and then the MFCE-based coupled growth model of cherry tomato water and fertilizer was obtained.After analysis of variance,the three-stubble cherry tomato comprehensive growth model has a good fitting effect,that was,the model can represent the regulation of water and fertilizer multi-factors on cherry tomato comprehensive growth.In the single-factor analysis of water and fertilizer,the relationship between the comprehensive growth and irrigation of cherry tomatoes in 2018S stubble was close to linear,and it has a parabolic relationship with the amount of N,K₂O,and Ca O.The comprehensive growth of the cherry tomatoes in the 2019F stubble showed a parabolic relationship with the amount of irrigation,N,K₂O and P₂O₅.The comprehensive growth of cherry tomatoes in the2019S stubble was also linearly related to the amount of irrigation,and the other three water and fertilizer factors were in a parabolic relationship with the opening down.In the interaction of the two factors,there was a negative interaction between the irrigation volume and the amount of K₂O and the irrigation volume and the amount of Ca O applied in 2018S.There was a negative interaction between the irrigation volume and the amount of N applied in 2018F;while there was a negative interaction between the irrigation volume and the amount of P₂O₅applied in 2019S.?4?In the multi-factor combination model,the irrigation,N,K₂O,and Ca O amounts to1.68,0,-0.74,and-1.22 were more conducive to the comprehensive growth of cherry tomatoes in 2018S;For different amounts of Ca O application,when the irrigation amount,N application amount,K₂O application amount and Ca O application amount were 1.68,0.52,0.07,-1,it was the most conducive to the comprehensive growth of cherry tomatoes in 2018S.In 2018F,irrigation,N,K₂O and P₂O₅ amounts to 0.70,0.51,0,-0.41 were more conducive to the comprehensive growth of cherry tomatoes;the four-factor combination of water and fertilizer is 1.68,0,-0.69,-0.65 was the most favorable for the comprehensive growth of cherry tomatoes in 2019S.?5?Finally,the MATLAB software was used to simulate and optimize the cherry tomato comprehensive growth model.From the simulation analysis,the optimal water and fertilizer measures were determined as follows:2018S:1522.4?1691.6m³/ha?360?400kg/ha?136.8?152 kg/ha?117.1?130.1kg/ha;2018F:974.6?1082.9m³/ha?259.1?287.9kg/ha?113.9?126.5kg/ha?143.7?159.7kg/ha;2019S:1780.2?1978.0m³/ha?434.0?482.2kg/ha?194.0?104.4kg/ha?163.2?181.3kg/ha.