Study On Cultivation Of Morchella In Hubei Province

Morchella esculenta is a kind of rare edible fungus with the same origin of medicine and food,and the taste is extremely delicious,Morchella is a kind of edible,medicinal and delicious rare wild fungus,which is rich in protein,polysaccharide,lipid,mineral elements and other nutrients.It has many functions,such as the treatment of dyspepsia,sputum shortness of breath and lung diseases,the elimination of fatigue,the protection of liver,the enhancement of immunity and radiation protection,and has great development value.Based on the climatic characteristics of Hubei Province,this paper systematically studied Morchella and its suitable high-yield cultivation techniques.1. Twelve Strains of Morchella were collected from Sichuan and Hubei.Three strains of Morchella MJN,Y-S and Y-Y6 with high yield and good quality were screened through artificial cultivation experiments.The three strains were identified as black Morchella group by morphological observation and molecular identification.MJN was closely related to Morchella sextelata,Y-S and Y-Y6 were closely related to Morchella importuna.2. According to MJN of Morchella sextelata,the effects of different strains,different sowing time,different sowing methods,different soil covering thickness,different mulching methods,different shading rate,different amount and opening method of external nutrition bag,different time of accelerating mushroom on the yield and quality of the final Morchella fruiting body were studied,and the suitable high-yield cultivation of Morchella in Hubei was discussed MJN is suitable for cultivation in Hubei Province.The cultivation conditions are as follows:the sowing date is below 20℃（around November 15 of every year in Hubei Province）,the soil is covered with 3cm after sowing,the black plastic film is covered,the greenhouse of Morchella is covered with 6-needle sunscreen,the amount of external nutrition bag is1200g/m²,a vertical opening is opened,and the higher yield and better products can be obtained after the 65th day of sowing quality.3. Through the above test results,and in the aspect of disease and pest control,a high-yield cultivation and application demonstration of Morchella in Hubei Province was made.The average yield of the experiment was 245g/m²,with good quality.This paper introduces the main technical measures for the growth of morel mushroom from the aspects of cultivation time,strain production,cultivation season,mushroom management,harvesting,rotation and pest control.This paper analyzes the cultivation mode of Morchella in Hubei Province,and provides technical reference for Morchella cultivation.4. Through the selection of liquid culture medium,culture temperature and pH,the optimal conditions are sucrose 5%,peptone 5%,KH₂PO₄0.15%,Mg SO₄0.05%,vitamin B₁0.1%,H₂O 1000m L;culture temperature 26℃;pH 7.0.Under these conditions,the cultivated Morchella mycelium is uniform in size,large in density and large in quantity,which is suitable for industrial production of Morchella.