| Picea pungens,native to North America,is a plant of Picea genus in Pinaceae.The needles of Picea pungens are blue at adult stage.It can be used in landscape architecture with high ornamental value,ecological value and economic value.At present,it has not been widely used in northern Liaoning Province.In this experiment,introduction and cultivation,grafting,sowing and seedling raising of Picea pungens were studied,in order to determine the suitable growth conditions,propagation methods and seedling raising methods of Picea pungens,provides a theoretical basis for the cultivation and propagation of the Picea pungens in northern China.The main results are as follows:(1)The results showed that the introduced seedlings and saplings could grow normally in Faku area,and the seedlings covered with black shading net could normally survive in the winter;The 3-years-old Picea pungens cutting seedlings introduced were cultivated for 3years,the growth traits showed a significant correlation.The height,ground diameter and crown area of Picea pungens cutting seedlings under the shade treatment have a higher growth of20.93%,5.84% and 26.09% than those of unshaded Picea pungens cutting seedlings respectively;The 4-years-old Picea pungens seedlings introduced were cultivated for 3 years,the growth traits showed a significant correlation.Compared with the unshaded Picea pungens seedlings,the height and crown area of Picea pungens seedlings shaded have increased11.20% and 22.97%,but the ground diameter of Picea pungens seedlings unshaded have increased 18.79% than that of the Picea pungens seedlings under the shading treatment,so the shading treatment promoted the height growth and crown area,but the ground diameter growth was slower;The 12-years-old Picea pungens saplings introduced were cultivated for 2 years,whether the forest field was coverd with black plastic sheet or not,the height,ground diameter,crown area and other traits of the Picea pungens showed a significant growth correlation;but there were no significant differences in all growth charicters between two kinds of treatments.(2)The scions collected in November last year were grafted on the 5-year-old Picea koraiensis in early April in the greenhouse using bud grafting with xylem and the survival rate has reached 90.67%.The scions were grafted on different root stock positions,the length and thickness of new branchs was significantly correlated with the height of grafting seedlings.When the scions were grafted on the top of the root stock,the correlation coefficient between the height of the grafted seedlings and the length of new shoots was-0.145.That is,thegrafting position is too high and not conducive to the growth of new shoots.(3)The emergence rate of Picea pungens seeds directly sowed is 91%,which is 0.02%higher than the emergence rate of sowing after snow storage.After sowing,Picea pungens seedlings were shaded with a shading net and corns planted on both sides of the seedbed(control).The height and ground diameter of the seedlings showed a very significant correlation.The height and ground diameter of the seedlings shaded with a shading net were21.82% and 21.18% higher than that of the seedlings shaded with corns;1-year-old Picea pungens seedlings were transplanted.After 2 years cultivation the Picea pungens seedlings with a plant spacing of 10×10cm had the best growth,the height of Picea pungens seedlings were 16.53% higher than that of than the plant spacing of 7×7cm,the ground diameter of Picea pungens seedlings have increased 18.32% than the plant spacing of7×7cm;After 3 years cultivation,the 3-yers-old Picea pungens seedlings were cupped.The diameter of the nutrient cup is 25 cm and the depth is 30 cm,which is conducive to the absorption of nutrients by the roots of the Picea pungens.The growth of the seedlings height and ground diameter shows a significant correlation.The correlation coefficient is 0.566.The height of Picea pungens seedlings increase 6.05%,and the ground diameter increase 12.41%. |
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