Establishment Of Geographic Information System Of Risk Assessment Of Infectious Diseases Imported To China

Background and ObjectivesWith the implementation of "One Belt,One Road" construction,the number of people leaving the country for employment,cooperation and exchanges,and travel has risen rapidly.China's entry-exit inspection and quarantine monitoring data show that nearly 23,000 infectious disease patients were found at the time of entry from 2014 to 2016.The number of patients and the incidence rate with infectious diseases among inbound population detected at ports in 2016 were more than five times that of 2014.In addition,the increasing frequency of cross-border population movement has also put China at risk of importing new infectious diseases.For example,patients infected with yellow fever viurs returned to Beijing,Shanghai and Fujian by migrant workers from Angola in 2016,and Rift Valley was also imported to Beijing from Angola in the same year.A case with MERS was detected in Guangzhou,which was from South Korean.At present,cross-regional transmission and epidemic of infectious diseases has become an important public health problem in the world.It has the threat of infectious diseases and the distribution of natural foci in countries(and regions)of interest to China,and the import risks of different infectious diseases.Assessment to take targeted prevention and control measures.This study aims to establish a convenient,flexible and easy-to-use system platform based on the global infectious disease database and the multi-source disease data of the Chinese mainland's infective population surveillance database.Users can quickly detect the outbreak of related infectious diseases by setting time and geographical scope.The situation of the epidemic situation,the assessment of the risk of single disease input into various regions of China,and provide basic information and decision-making basis for multi-angle reconnaissance of infectious diseases and prevention and control of imported infectious diseases abroad.MethodsBased on the Supermap IObject 8C software development platform and using Visual Studio 2012 as a development tool,this study establishes a geographic information system of risk assessment of infectious diseases imported to China.The main functional modules of the system include infectious disease epidemiology reconnaissance and information visualization,and overseas.The two aspects of infectious disease input risk simulation evaluation,the system logic architecture is mainly composed of data source layer,epidemiological reconnaissance function layer and simulation evaluation layer:The data source layer consists of two databases of global infectious disease databases and infectious disease surveillance data from mainland China,as well as international flights and passengers,demographic characteristics and population composition,basic geographic environment and other multi-source information,and uses SQL language to build Access database.Incorporate into the application system.The epidemiological reconnaissance functional layer covers two aspects of epidemiological reconnaissance of overseas key infectious diseases and epidemiological reconnaissance of infectious diseases in mainland China.Among them,the epidemiological investigation of key infectious diseases in overseas countries mainly includes two types of reconnaissance methods: first,according to the customized area and time period,information such as the disease types and severity of major infectious diseases occurring in the area is searched;secondly,according to the single disease type Search for information on its main endemic areas and severity,and the extent of the source.The surveillance of infectious diseases among mainland Chinese immigrants mainly through customized time periods and entry areas,and reconnaissance information on the distribution and source of infectious diseases of the influenza population in the region.The simulation evaluation analysis layer is based on the infectious diseases input probability risk assessment model and the flight-based cross-regional population movement data,and simulates the assessment of different infectious diseases and outbreaks of different scales in different regions and time periods overseas.Risk probability,the model input is the number of outbreak patients in the region,the population of the affected area,the traffic volume of the international flights in the same period of the disease area,and the simulated input risk index of each participating province(autonomous region,municipality)in China,according to the risk index.For the six risk levels,map the risks for various regions in China.ResultsThis study establishes a geographic information system of risk assessment of infectious diseases imported to China.This system integrates information management,epidemiological reconnaissance and visualization of infectious diseases,risk assessment of disease input,epidemiological statistical analysis,epidemiological expertise,and media.It is integrated with functions such as host space distribution display.Systematic integration of information on 60 infectious diseases with serious or important public health significance in 220 countries(or regions)from 2000 to 2017,and active surveillance information on infectious diseases in 42 categories of mainland China from 2014 to 2016,as well as multi-source information such as demographic characteristics and demographic composition,international flights and passenger flows,integration of spatial and temporal analysis,probabilistic risk assessment and other models and geographic information visualization techniques,construction of infectious disease epidemiology reconnaissance and information visualization,and overseas infectious disease input risk simulation Evaluate two main functional modules and three sub-modules,namely:(1)Global Epidemic Reconnaissance sub-module,which conducts epidemiological reconnaissance on important infectious disease outbreak information on various national scales;(2)China The sub-module of infectious disease surveillance in mainland China's inbound population conducts epidemiological reconnaissance on the distribution,origin and post-entry destination distribution of infectious diseases among immigrant populations in various regions of China at the provincial scale;(3)Input risk simulation assessment The sub-module simulates the input risk under the epidemic situation of infectious diseases in the country.The main functions of the system include: epidemiological reconnaissance function of infectious diseases outbreak epidemic,epidemiological reconnaissance function of natural epidemic area distribution,epidemiological reconnaissance function of infectious diseases in mainland China,and simulation evaluation function of infectious diseases input risk Five aspects of file management and data maintenance.Among them,the epidemiological reconnaissance function of the outbreak epidemic can detect information such as the comprehensive distribution of the main infectious diseases and the severity of the diseases in a customized foreign region and time period,and visually display the single disease in the customized area through the histogram and the point map.The total number of cases,the total incidence rate and other information can be derived from further mapping and analysis;the epidemiological reconnaissance function of the distribution of natural foci provides information on the distribution,main epidemic areas and severity of single disease species.Comprehensively display the spatial and temporal distribution information of insect vectors and natural epidemic diseases;the epidemiological reconnaissance function of infectious diseases in mainland China shows the five major types of infections detected at the port by the time of entry,the source of entry and other information.The disease spectrum of the disease,and the distribution characteristics of each disease population,to assess the risk of importing infectious diseases in different regions of the country;the simulation evaluation function of infectious diseases input risks can input risks to various entry-level provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities)in mainland China.Index calculation and evaluation;file management and data maintenance functions mainly use Access According to edit the library of data and code,to achieve the maintenance and upgrade of the system.ConclusionGeographic information system of risk assessment of infectious diseases imported to China integrates diseases databases from multiple sources,systematically and comprehensively reconnaisses information on major infectious diseases and outbreaks,and active surveillance of infectious diseases in mainland China,and assesses major regions of the world.The types of infectious diseases and their potential threats,simulating the risk of importing infectious diseases into different regions of the world after the occurrence of infectious diseases outbreaks in different regions of the world,and showing the infectious diseases input characteristics and distribution areas of the entry population of each province.The system is simple to operate and flexible to use.It can provide an assessment of the risk of infectious diseases in destination countries or regions for international cooperation and exchanges,and travel personnel.It can also simulate and evaluate infectious diseases that may be imported by foreign immigrants.Its risk provides a data foundation and provides decision-making basis for targeted monitoring and prevention,thereby improving the ability to identify,alert and respond to the risk of imported infectious diseases.