Clinical Study Of Symptom Dimensions In Patients With Schizophrenia

Objective: To explore the symptom dimensions and characteristics of patients with schizophrenia,and to explore the relationship between the symptom dimensions of patients with schizophrenia and the traditional four subtypes of schizophrenia(paranoid schizophrenia,simple schizophrenia,hebephrenic schizophrenia,catatonic schizophrenia).To deal with the heterogeneity of symptoms in patients with schizophrenia,the symptoms of diverse and complex schizophrenia are more clear,and it is helpful for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with schizophrenia.Methods: The hospitalized medical records of patients with schizophrenia from December 2006 to December 2016 in Laizhou Rongjun Hospital of Yantai City were collected.The general information and all psychiatric symptoms of patients with schizophrenia were recorded one by one according to the self-compiled general situation questionnaire and list of symptoms of schizophrenia.The self-compiled general situation questionnaire includes general information such as age,gender,marriage,occupation,education level and age of onset,duration of illness,number of hospitalizations,and childhood trauma of patients with schizophrenia.The list of symptoms of schizophrenia is compiled based on the symptoms of Yucun Shen’s fifth edition of psychiatry,including all symptoms of schizophrenia.It is divided into four categories,including sensory and perceptual disorders,thought disorders,affective disorders,will and behavioral disorders.Each category contains several items.A total of more than 40 items,not included in the other parts of items.The medical records of patients with schizophrenia collected in the Laizhou Rongjun Hospital of Yantai City were carefully examined by associate chief physicians and chief physicians for quality control.After the data collection,the psychotic symptoms were performed according to the list of symptoms of schizophrenia.Categorize and fill out the self-made form,then perform statistical and factor analysis.Results: By counting all the psychotic symptoms of the 1700 patients with schizophrenia collected,the most common symptoms and frequency of schizophrenia were delusion of persecution(59.8%),auditory hallucination(59.4%),hypobulia(58.9%),delusion of reference(50.8%),the frequency of these four symptoms in all patients with schizophrenia is more than 50%.The most common sensory and perceptual disorders is auditory hallucination,followed by visual hallucination,visceral hallucination;the most common thought disorders is delusion of persecution,followed by delusion of reference,delusion of reference;the most common affective disorders is emotional blunting,followed by anxiety,depression;the most common will and behavioral disorders is hypobulia,followed by ambitendence,parabulia.In this study,four major factors are obtained by analyzing the symptom factors of all schizophrenia patients(the eigenvalues are all greater than 1,and the cumulative contribution rate is 55.29%).The four factors(and their contribution rates)are: negative symptoms(22.32%),paraniod(11.66%),disintegration(11.09%),stupor(10.23%).The negative symptoms factors include emotional blunting,hypobulia,and depression.The paraniod factors include hallucinations,delusions,and poverty of thought.The disintegration factors include blocking of thought,looseness of thought,and ambitendence.The stupor factor includes stupor as a single factor.And each factor includes a high load of factors.Conclusion: The results suggest that the symptoms of patients with schizophrenia have multidimensional characteristics.Four symptom dimensions were obtained in this study:negative symptoms,paraniod,disintegration,and stupor.The four symptom dimensions obtained in this study are consistent with the traditional four subtypes of schizophrenia symptoms(paranoid schizophrenia,simple schizophrenia,hebephrenic schizophrenia,catatonic schizophrenia).The combination of the two can better deal with the heterogeneity of schizophrenia symptoms.The four most common symptoms of schizophrenia in this study include delusion of persecution,auditory hallucination,hypobulia,and delusion of reference,all of which are present in more than half of patients with schizophrenia.