Study On The Primary Chemical Constituents Of The Flower Buds Of Panax Quinquefolium L.

Objective:This experiment is a self-selected subject to study the main chemical components of the flower buds of American ginseng?American ginseng bud?and its quality standard.It is of great significance to expand the medicinal range of panax quinquefolium?American ginseng?,to find new sources and to establish its quality standard.Methods:1.A preliminary study was conducted on the quality standard of American ginseng buds,with reference to the method under the category of American ginseng in the pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China?2015?.The microscopic identification,TLC,drying method,check the total ash content,alcohol leaching method and content of ginsenoside were studied.In the department of research on the inorganic elements of American ginseng buds,Multiwave Go microwave digestion instrument and agilent 5100 inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer were used for the determination.2.To study the saponins in American ginseng buds,the method of fingerprint and QAMS was established for ginsenoside.The separation of diol group and triol group saponins in American ginseng buds was carried out.To establish the method of ginsenoside fingerprint and one standard multi-test in the bud of American ginseng,the HPLC method was used to analyze the ginsenosides with different instruments and different chromatographic columns.The separation of ginsenosides of diol group and triol group in American ginseng flower was carried out by D101 macroporous adsorption resin column,and the preliminary separation of ginsenosides of diol group and triol group in American ginseng buds was obtained.3.For the polysaccharides in American ginseng buds,the extraction method of polysaccharides was established according to the conditions of material to liquid ratio and extraction time.For the separation of polysaccharide from American ginseng buds,DEAE cellulose column was used to separate.The infrared structure was identified by FT-IR.HPLC was used to determine the composition of monosaccharides at different levels.Results:1.A preliminary study was carried out on American ginseng buds,and the pollen grains,cluster crystals and striated vessels were identified by microscopy.The same spots could be detected by TLC under sunlight and ultraviolet light at 365nm.The water content of American ginseng buds was less than 15%.The total ash content of American ginseng buds was below 6.5%,and the extract content of American ginseng buds was less than 47.6%.The content of the three saponins was calculated by the sum of the three saponins,and the minimum content of the three saponins was1.87%.In the study of the inorganic elements of American ginseng buds,the analysis results show that Mg,P,Ca and K are the characteristic trace elements of American ginseng buds.2.For the study of American ginseng buds saponins,the liquid phase determination method was established and the methodology was studied,with good results;For the contents of 8 ginsenosides,the contents of ginsenosides were as follows:Rb₃>Re>Rd>Rb₂>Rb₁>Rc>Rg₂>Rg₁.The content of Rb3 and Re was more than 3%,and the content of Rd was more than 2%.The results showed that the relative correction factors of different HPLC and chromatographic columns were all about 2.0.The relative retention values of different HPLC and chromatographic columns were stable.For the fingerprint of American ginseng buds,seven of the 18 common peaks were identified.For the separation of ginsenosides from the diol group and the triol group of American ginseng buds,the quantitative and qualitative results showed that30%ethanol eluviation was mostly triol saponins,and 50%and 70%ethanol eluviation were mostly diol saponins.3.The study of polysaccharide in American ginseng buds,the neutral sugar grade WPQPN and the acid sugar grade with four uniform electric charges were obtained,which were WPQP-1,WPQP-2,WPQP-3 and WPQP-4,respectively.The content of each acid polysaccharide is less than 20%.The molar ratio of polysaccharide was measured by HPLC.Conclusion:1.The quality of American ginseng buds was investigated.2.The contents of the saponins in American ginseng buds were determined and the characteristics of each saponin were determined by a mathematical method.The flower bud fingerprint of panax quinquefolium was established.3.The polysaccharide from the American ginseng buds was separated and its monosaccharide composition was analyzed.