Analysis Of The Health Status And Affecting Factors Of Employees In An Electronics Factory

Background and purposeWith the rapid development of the electronic industry,the demand for employees is gradually increasing and the mobility is strong.To understand the health status and characteristics of workers in electronic factory and master the main influencing factors,the physical condition of workers and their exposure to occupational harmful factors in an electronic factory were investigated and analyzed.Respondents and methods1 respondents1199 workers of an electronic factory in Zhengzhou were examined in Zhengzhou occupational disease prevention and Control Institute while 401 workers prepareed to work for the factory were examined.Questionnaire survey was conducted for their exposure to occupational harmful factors.2 Contents of questionnaireThe questionnaire includes name,gender,date of birth,ID number,marital status,smoking history,drinking history,drug allergy history,family genetic history,career history,length of service and etc.3 health examination itemsAccording to the requirements of GBZ188-2014,the routine inspection and the necessary inspection items for occupational exposure shall be determined.Routine items include:routine medical examination,surgical examination,blood routine,urine routine,blood pressure and etc.Necessary examination items for occupational exposure were followed.Apply X-ray,ECG and pulmonary function examination for dust exposed persons.Apply pure tone air conduction threshold test and ECG examination for noise exposed persons.Apply ECG and blood lead examination for lead exposed persons.Apply X-ray and pulmonary function examination for acid mist exposed persons.4 health examination equipment and methodsBlood pressure was measured by OMRON hbp-9021 sphygmomanometer.ECG was measured by 360ecg-i18 electrocardiograph.Blood routine was measured by bc-5380 blood cell analyzer.Alanine aminotransferase was detected by au5800 automatic biochemical analyzer.Blood lead was detected by sr-p-100 trace element detector.Urine routine was detected by UF-1000i automatic urine sediment analyzer,and 6000xphilips Feitian The chest X-ray was taken by the X-ray machine.The lung function was detected by master screen PFT system lung function instrument,and the binaural hearing was detected by the midimate 622 diagnostic audiometer.5 quality control measuresAll physical examination items are completed by hospital and personnel with corresponding qualifications,and the required instruments and equipment are regularly verified by the national measurement department.After informed consent,all respondents are ready to accept relevant investigation and inspection.6 statistical methodsSpss21.0 was used to analyze the survey data.The data of measurement is expressed by mean± standard deviation((?)).The data of count is expressed by rate(%).Chi square test was used for single factor analysis and logistic regression was used for multi factor analysis.Inspection level ?=0.05.Result1 general information of respondentsThere were significant differences in gender,age,working age,smoking,drinking,drug allergy,family history and exposure between on-the-job and pre job workers(P<0.05).29 occupational harmful factors were monitored in the workshop,among which only dust and oil mist exceeded the standard.The exceeding rate was 1.9%and 2.2%respectively,and the others were controlled within the allowable range of the national health standard.2 results of health examinationThe abnormal detection rate of physical examination items were blood pressure,lung function,hearing,alt,blood routine and urine routine.The rates were 10.8%,14.9%,28.4%,23.5%,94.3%and 51.0%respectively.The abnormal rate of blood pressure and the average concentration of alanine aminotransferase in the on-the-job group were significantly higher than that in the pre-job group(P<0.05).In the on-the-job group,the number of red blood cells increased,the content of hemoglobin increased,the hematocrit increased,the standard deviation of red blood cell distribution width decreased,and the coefficient of variation of red blood cell distribution width decreased(P<0.05).The abnormal detection rate of ketone body index was significantly higher and that of leukocyte index was significantly lower in the on-the-job group(P<0.05).Compared with the pre post group,the abnormal rate of blood pressure in the on-the-job group exposed to noise and dust was significantly higher,the abnormal rate of urine routine was significantly higher in the on-the-job group exposed to lead,acid mist and other substances,and the abnormal rate of ALT in the on-the-job group exposed to lead and other substances was significantly lower(P<0.05).Compared with the pre post group,the number of monocytes decreased,the number of basophils increased,the percentage of lymphocytes increased,the percentage of basophils increased,the standard deviation of red blood cell distribution width decreased,the number of platelets increased,the hematocrit increased,and the coefficient of variation of red blood cell distribution width decreased(P<0.05).The percentage of lymphocyte,the number of RBC,the hemoglobin and the hematocrit of the workers exposed to acid mist were decreased(P<0.05).The number of white blood cells,neutrophils,red blood cells,hemoglobin,hematocrit,standard deviation of red blood cell distribution width,mean platelet volume,platelet distribution width and coefficient of variation of red blood cell distribution width of other exposed workers were decreased(P<0.05).3 Analysis of health influencing factorsGender and dust exposure had a significant effect on the detection rate of pulmonary dysfunction,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);gender,working age,dust and acid mist exposure(P<0.1)were included in the multi factor analysis,and the working age and acid mist exposure were the protective factors of pulmonary dysfunction.Gender,age,marital status and exposure to dust,noise and acid fog had significant influence on the detection rate of abnormal blood pressure(P<0.05);Gender,age,marital status and exposure to dust,noise and acid mist(P<0.1)were included in the multi factor analysis.The results showed that acid mist exposure was the risk factor of abnormal blood pressure,and gender,age,dust and noise exposure were the protective factors of abnormal blood pressure.Gender has a significant impact on the detection rate of hearing abnormality,the difference is statistically significant(P<0.05);the inclusion of gender and noise exposure(P<0.1)into the multi factor analysis shows that noise exposure is the risk factor of hearing abnormality,and age is the protective factor of hearing abnormality.Gender had a significant effect on the detection rate of ALT abnormality,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);gender and noise exposure(P<0.1)were included in the multi factor analysis,which showed that gender,age,acid mist exposure were the risk factors of ALT abnormality,and marital status was the protective factor of ALT abnormality.Gender and drinking status had significant influence on the detection rate of abnormal blood routine,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);gender and drinking status(P<0.1)were included in the multi factor analysis,which showed that gender was the risk factor of abnormal blood routine,and age was the protective factor of abnormal blood routine.Gender,age,working age,smoking,drinking status,and exposure to acid fog,lead and other occupational harmful factors had a significant impact on the detection rate of abnormal urine routine,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);gender,age,working age,smoking,drinking status,and exposure to acid fog,lead and other occupational harmful factors(P<0.1)were included in the multi factor analysis Alcohol status is the risk factor of abnormal urine routine.Working age,acid mist,lead and other harmful factors are the protective factors of abnormal urine routine.ConclusionsThe main affecting factors for workers in the electronic factory are blood pressure,lung function,hearing loss,ALT,blood routine and urine routine,which may be related to low-intensity noise,dust and acid mist exposure.Multivariate analysis shows that working age,age and various occupational harmful factors are the main factors affecting workers' health.