The Study On The Theory Of "Qiao" In Traditional Chinese Medicine

"Qiao" is an important concept in the theory of troditional chinese medicine,among which the internal and external connection between Zang-Fu is well konwn.The external qiao can not only reflect the ups and downs of internal Zang-Fu organs,but also serve as the application site to achieve the purpose of external treatment and internal treatment.Doctors of all ages have not made a unified exposition on the relationship between the concept of Qiao and visceral.This study starts from the concept of Qiao,sorts out the classification of Qiao appearing in medical books and proposes new classifications related to this study,summarizes the different states of Qiao,summarizes the functions of Qiao,expounds the relationship between different Qiao,systematically sorts out the relationship between visceral and Qiao,classifies orifices into new categories according to the classification method of orifices,puts forward the pathogenesis of Qiao diseases and the treatment of orifices,and finally enumerates the clinical examples Commonly used drugs and prescriptions for the treatment of Qiao diseases1?Concpt of QiaoThe concept of "Qiao" in troditional chinese medicine contains multiple meanings,which are elaborated in this study from two aspects of original meaning and extended meaning.The original meaning of Qiao refers to holes and holes,which are used in the human body to represent the external organs and internal acupoints;the extended meaning is often used to represent the channels connecting the internal and external or have a key regulatory role.As the meaning of holes,Qiao means morphological structures,which reflect the communication between the human body and the environment;as the meaning of acupoints,Qiaos are often located in the deep of the human body,where essence and' Qi flow in and out or converge;as the meaning of channels,Qiao refer to their functions of connecting the inside and outside,usually reflected in the nine orifices corresponding to different viscera;as the meaning of key,Qiaos are this layer of orifices in terms of their importance.The meaning is embodied in the key role of orifices in the control of human mind.2?Classification of QiaoThere are many Types of Qiaos.Only in huangdi neijing,there are different type of Qiaos,such as"Shang Qiao?Xia Qiao" obsessed with the "Qing Qiao?Zhuo Qiao" obsessed with the "Yin and Yang Qiao" obsessed with the "Nine Orifices?Seven Orifices?Five Orifices" such as the classification of different ways,and in the other medical books literature with its obsessed with the "Outside?Inside Qiao""Anterior Qiao""Posterior Qiao" obsessed with the "Closing?Opening Qiao" obsessed with the"Horizontal?Vertical Qiao" etc.In this study,different kinds of Qiaos recorded in ancient and modern literature were summarized according to their location,number and nature,and innovative classification of Qiao was carried out according to the concept of Qiao.According to the concept of the body orifices are divided into three categories:the visible orifices which are located on the body surface and have holes in shape are called"Ti Qiao",such as "Jiu Qiao""Qi Qiao" and "Ru Qiao".the orifices which are located outside the inner skin membrane and have channels connecting the internal viscera and the external environment are called "Ji Qiao",such as "Cou Li" and"Xuan Fu".The orifices which are located inside the human body and have the function of regulating the mental activities of the human body are called "Shen Qiao",such as "Nao Qiao" and "Xin Qiao" are belong to this category.3?The State of the QiaoThe state of orifices refers to the manifestation of orifices at a certain time.The study of the state of the orifices is first seen in the essay on Duyi Suibi.The book divides the state of the orifices into two types,i.e."Qiao Heng" and "Qiao Shu",which are used to explain the ascending and descending of the air machine.Later doctors believed that the state of orifices mainly includes two states:closed state and open state.The closed state is also called Qiao He,Qiao Bi and Qiao Sai,and the open state refers to Qiao Kai.In addition,the state of the orifices also includes the state of Qiao Xu,indicating the state of vulnerability to evil invasion.4?The Function of QiaoThe functions of Qiao can be devided into the following three aspects:?orifice is the channel of internal and external communication.The orifice can be used as a hole in the body surface to complete the function of internal and external communication,and can also be used as a connection between internal and ecternal images to complete the function of internal and external communication.?Qiao is the portal of air lift.The movement of human Qi promotes the growth and development of the body.?The Qiao is the way of "Shen-Ji" running.The relationship between orifice and divine machine is also reflected in the movement of Qi,blood and body fluid.5?The Connection Between Zang-fu and QiaoThe relationship between viscera and orifices mainly refers to the correspondence between external orifices located on the body surface and different viscera located in the body.This correspondence includes one-to-one correspondence,such as the eye is the orifice of the liver and the mouth is the orifice of the spleen.It also includes one or more correspondences.For example,the orifices closely related to the heart include eyes,tongue and ears:"those who care for the heart are specialized in the five internal organs,and those who care for the eyes are also skilled in the orifices""the heart and Qi flow through the tongue""the south is red in color,flows into the heart,and the ears have close connection with heart." The orifices that are closely related to the lung are nose and ear:"the lung begins to open its mouth to the nose" and "if the ear is heard,it is said by voice,but gold also."The orifices that are closely related to the kidney are the ear and the two yin:"kidney Qi passes through the ear"and"kidney has close connection with two yin."The relationship between orifices and viscera is to explain the close relationship between orifices and viscera from another angle.For example,the "five-wheel theory" of objective reflects the existence and close physiological and pathological correlation between objective and five viscera.The location of the tongue dialectically reflects that tongue diagnosis is an important diagnostic method in traditional Chinese medicine and reflects the specific correspondence between viscera and tongue.The theoretical basis of auricular point therapy embodies the specific connotation of "the ear is the place where the veins gather"through holographic theory.The connection between orifices includes the intercommunication and intercommunication.Intercommunication refers to the connection and communication between orifices.The interworking relationship can be divided into external and internal interworking,body surface interworking and body interworking.The relationship of mutual use refers to the state that the orifices and orifices are interrelated and mutually used.The interaction is reflected in physiology and pathology.In addition to the above-mentioned visceral orifices corresponding to the orifices,there are also some special types of visceral orifices related to the human body,for example,hair orifices belong to lung,the breast belong to liver,which also reflects the overall concept of knowledge and knowledge in traditional Chinese medicine and also belongs to the category of visceral orifices related.6?Qiao diseaseQiao disease is a general term for diseases related to orifices.From the existing literature and modern research,we know that there are two kinds of understanding of understanding from ancient times to present:one view holds that Qiao disease refers to the diseases of the body or body surface,and the other view holds that Qiao disease is divided into the diseases of body and the diseases of the brain.In this study,On the basis of the above two kinds of knowledge,the understanding of Qiao disease was further explored,and the three aspects of Qiao disease:Ti qiao disease?Ji qiao disease and mind disease were expounded respectively.7?Pathogenesis of Qiao diseaseThe pathogenesis of Qiao disease is complicated,but the mechanism of its occurrence,development and change can be traced and classified.In this study,the pathogenesis of Qiao disease was clarified from three aspects:opening and closing maladjustment,axis disadvantageous and God blockedOrifices are the only way for human body to exchange information with the outside world.The opening and closing of orifices is the source of controlling information exchange.The opening and closing maladjustment of orifices will lead to a series of pathological manifestations,such as the loss of source of Qi and the loss of internal organs.The disadvantage of axis means that the corresponding organ orifices or body orifices have corresponding pathological manifestations when the intermediate medium has such pathological manifestations as disorder of Qi and blood,imbalance of ascending and descending,or adverse flexion and extension of meridians.Shenji maladjustment means that pathogenic factors such as heat evil and phlegm evil can lead to the pathological phenomenon of Shenji maladjustment such as disturbing and blinding gods.8?Treatment of Qiao diseaseThe treatment of Qiao disease is the process of using different methods to treat various types of Qiao diseases.In this study,the treatment methods of Qiao diseases are divided into three categories:the method of opening,the method of collecting and the method of filling orifices.The method of opening the orifices is used to treat diseases such as abnormal internal and external communication,disorder of Qi and blood,and obstruction of magical mechanism caused by the occlusion of the orifices;the convergence method is used to restore the normal functions of the orifices which are too opened by astringent drugs or prescriptions;the method of filling the orifices is used to fill the empty orifices with drugs which can dispel pathogenic factors to strengthen the empty orifices,so that external pathogens cannot enter the empty orifices and prevent the diseases from going inside and deep Method of transmission.9?Examples of common prescriptionsThere are many prescriptions and medicines with the effect of opening,astringent and filling the orifices.The commonly used drugs in clinical use are Mutong,Shichangpu,asarum,Chuanxiong,Lulutong,etc.Astringent drugs such as Baiji Shanzhuyu,Fuxiaomai,Longgu,etc.Filling orifices such as Gusuibu,etc.There are many prescriptions for the treatment of Qiao disease,such as Tongqiao Huoxue Decoction and Tongqisan,Tongli Xiaochaihu Decoction,Angong Niuhuang Pill,Suhexiang pill and Ditan Decoction,etc.Lianqiao prescriptions such as lianhan decoction,Hefei Decoction,Buzhong Yiqi Decoction,etc.Tianqiao prescriptions such as Houshi Heisan,Fengyin decoction,Tianqiaozhifen decoction,etc.10?Innovation pointFirstly,this paper combs and summarizes the concept of orifices.On the basis of understanding the concept of orifices,orifices are divided into three categories:ShenQiao,JiQiao and TiQiao.The relationship between different orifices of body is summed up.Based on ancient books and modern research,the relationship between organs and orifices is systemically combed.The pathogenesis of orifices is put forward.The treatment methods of orifices are divided into the methods of opening,convergencing orifices and filling orifices,list the representative drugs and prescriptions to provide theoretical basis and clinical reference for clinical treatment of different types of orifices.