Meta-analysis Of Probiotic Intervention Effect In Early Life On Preventing Allergic Diseases In Children

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effect of probiotics in early life on the prevention of allergic diseases in children.Methods:Wanfang,CNKI,CBM,Cochrane library,Pub Med,Web of science,Embase databases were searched for randomized controlled trials on the efficacy of probiotics during pregnancy and/or infants in the prevention of allergic diseases.After screening the literature,extracting the data and evaluating the risk of bias in the included study,the reviewers conducted a meta-analysis with Stata 11.0 software,and performed a subgroup analysis which is based on the recipient,timing of probiotics intervention,duration of probiotics supplementation,strains of probiotics,daily dose of probiotics,follow-up time and study area.Results:In the end,46 articles were included,including 29 articles on eczema,29 articles on asthma/wheezing,16 articles on food allergy,and 13articles on allergic rhinitis/allergic conjunctivitis.The results showed that probiotics supplementation in early life had a significant effect on the prevention of eczema.Subgroup analysis showed that only probiotics intervention for mothers or simultaneous probiotics intervention for mothers and infants had a significant effect on preventing eczema;Adding probiotics before and after childbirth had a significant effect on preventing eczema;Early probiotic supplementation intervention time>12 months of age has a significant effect on preventing eczema.The intervention group with follow-up time≤2 years had significant effect on the prevention of eczema.The use of probiotics strains with a mixture of bacteria in early life had a significant effect on the prevention of eczema,and a single daily dose of probiotics>1×10~9 in early life is effective in preventing eczema.probiotics supplementation in early life had a significant effect on the prevention of eczema in Europe and Oceania Probiotics supplementation in early life had no significant effect on the prevention of food allergies.Subgroup analysis showed that adding probiotics together before and after the birth had a significant effect on the prevention of food allergies.Early probiotic supplementation intervention time was>6months.The intervention group had a significant effect on preventing food allergies and a follow-up time≥2 years had a significant effect on the prevention of food allergies in the intervention group.But the results of these studies are affected by significant heterogeneity,and a large number of experiments are still needed to clarify their relevance.Probiotics supplementation in early life had no significant effect on the prevention of asthma,wheezing,allergic rhinitis,or allergic conjunctivitis.Conclusion:Supplementation of probiotics in early life are beneficial to prevent the occurrence of eczema in children.Prenatal and postpartum probiotic intervention,intervention time>6 months and follow-up time≥2years,had a significant effect on the prevention of food allergy,but the results were affected by heterogeneity.However,supplementation of probiotics in early life has no significant effect on the prevention of asthma,wheezing,allergic rhinitis,and allergic conjunctivitis.We still need to expand the follow-up to existing trials,as well as further clinical and basic studies to clarify their relevance.