Expression And Significance Of USP39 And Ki67 In Squamous Cell Carcinoma And Bowen’s Disease And Actinic Keratosis

【Objective】 To investigate the relationship between the expression of USP39 and Ki67 and their role in occurrence and development of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma,Bowen’s disease and actinic keratosis.Explore the rule of this kind of diseases and provide the theoretical basis for future targeted therapy.【Methods】 1.Firstly,11 cases of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma,10 cases of Bowen’s disease and 10 cases of actinic keratosis tissue were selected.The normal tissue at the margin of the tumor serves as self-control.2.After fixed,dehydrated,embedded and sliced,we detected the expression of Ki67 and USP39 in squamous cell carcinoma,Bowen’s disease,and actinic keratosis by immunohistochemical method.Five discontinuous visual fields were randomly selected from each slice under optical microscope,graded by Immunoreactive score(IRS).3.Finally,the difference of USP39 and Ki67 expression among disease species and the correlation of USP39 and Ki67 expression between the same disease species were statistically analyzed by software SPSS13.0,so as to speculate the role of USP39 and Ki67 in the occurrence and development of skin tumors.The experimental data were expressed as negative,weak positive,positive and strong positive grades.The experimental data of different disease groups were analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis H test in nonparametric rank sum test,and the different indexes of the same group were analyzed by regression and correlation methods.The test level α = 0.05(P < 0.05)was statistically significant.Negative control: PBS replaced the first antibody,the results were negative.【Results】 1.The expression of Ki67 was observed in the pathological tissue,and there was a small amount of expression in the basal layer of the normal tissue,Ki67 was both expressed in cytoplasm and nucleus,mainly in nucleus.The expression of USP39 was mainly in nucleus of pathological tissues,almost no expression was found in normal tissues and cytoplasm.2.The results showed that the expression of Ki67 in all groups was different or incomplete different,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).The expression of Ki67 in squamous cell carcinoma > Bowen’s disease > actinic keratosis,and was higher than that in the control group(P < 0.05).Further comparison showed that there was significant difference between squamous cell carcinoma group and actinic keratosis group(P < 0.05),Bowen disease group and actinic keratosis group(P < 0.05).But there was no significant difference between squamous cell carcinoma group and Bowen disease group(P > 0.05).The positive expression rate of Ki67 was 100%(11 / 11)in squamous cell carcinoma,including 5 cases of strong positive,4 cases of positive and 2 cases of weak positive,however only 1 case of Ki67 strong positive in Bowen’s disease and actinic keratosis.3.The expression of USP39 in squamous cell carcinoma > Bowen’s disease > actinic keratosis,however the difference was no statistically significant(P >0.05).Further comparison,there was significant difference between squamous cell carcinoma group and actinic keratosis group(P < 0.05),there was no significant difference between squamous cell carcinoma group and Bowen disease group(P > 0.05),Bowen disease group and actinic keratosis group(P > 0.05).4.In the three groups of studies,the strong positive staining of Ki67 and USP39 was mainly found in deformities,mitotic and large nuclear cells.The expression of Ki67 and USP39 in actinic keratosis has its own characteristics: they tended to be expressed in basal tissues with abnormal proliferation of cells,but most of them were negative in the upper epidermis.5.There was some correlation between the expression of Ki67 and USP39 in squamous cell carcinoma(P<0.05),but there was no obvious correlation between the expression of Ki67 and USP39 in Bowen’s disease and actinic keratosis.In the squamous cell carcinoma group,the expression of USP39 and Ki67 in marginal tumor cells was higher than that in keratin pearl cell.The expression of USP39 and Ki67 at the limb end,in the lesion tissue secondary to burn scar was higher than that in other parts.【Conclusion】 1.The expression of Ki67 decreased gradually in squamous cell carcinoma,Bowen’s disease and actinic keratosis,and higher in malignant tumor tissue.The expression of USP39 in squamous cell carcinoma was higher than that in actinic keratosis.Ki67 and USP39 was considerd that it may related to the occurrence and development of skin malignant tumor to a certain extent.2.The expression of USP39 and Ki67 in the tissues of actinic keratosis has its own characteristics: it tended to be expressed in the basal tissues with abnormal proliferation of cells,and most of them were negative in the upper epidermis.This is consistent with the pathological features of atypical keratinocytes in the subepidermis of actinic keratosis,and can be considered as one of reference for differential diagnosis of actinic keratosis and Bowen’s disease.3.The strong positive expression of USP39 and Ki67 is mostly found in the cells with deformity,obvious mitosis and large nucleus.USP39 and Ki67 can promote cell division,proliferation,which is related to cell proliferation activity and tumor malignancy.USP39 expressed more in invasive tumor tissue than that in cancer in situ and precancerous dermatosis.USP39 is not expressed in normal tissues.Thus,it is infered that the promoting effect of USP39 on mitosis may be pathological rather than physiological,which is more aggressive than Ki67.4.The positive expression of Ki67 was correlated with the positive expression of USP39 in squamous cell carcinoma to a certain extent,USP39 and Ki67 may mutual promotion the progress of cell cycle,suggesting that the co-expression of USP39 and Ki67 might be a high signal of tumor invasion.It is necessary to guard against the increase of tumor invasiveness so as to help to make clinical treatment plan.