Study On Diterpenoids In Roots Of Euphorbia Fischeriana Steud.and Their Antitumor Activity

Euphorbiaceae contains about 300 genera and over 8,000 species worldwide,mainly distributing in tropical and subtropical regions.There are 66 genera and about 864 species in China.Euphorbiaceae plants have importants role in industries,including medicines(e.g.croton and castor beans),foods(e.g.cassava)and industrial chemicals(e.g.tung oil,rubber,and black cedar oil).Euphorbia fischeriana Steud.(Euphorbiaceae)is a perennial herbaceous plant distributed widely in northeast mainland China.Its dry roots,named “lang-du” in traditional Chinese medicine,have been used as a remedy for the treatment of cancer,edema,chronic bronchitis,hemorrhoids and ascites for a long time.The chemical constituents of the roots have been investigated and the main active compounds are diterpenoids,triterpenoids and steroids.The modern pharmacological studies indicated that diterpenoids have good effects in antitumor,antivirus,antibacterial and so on.In this study,the ethyl acetate fraction of the 95% ethanol extracts of the dried E.fischeriana roots was subjected to multiple chromatographic methods,leading to the isolation of 28 compounds.Their structures were elucidated by various spectroscopic methods.25 out of the total 28 compounds were diterpenoids,including jolkinolide B(A1),prostratin(A2),12-deoxyphorbol-13,20-diacetete(A3),12-deoxyphorbaldehyde-13-acetate(A4),12-deoxyphorbol-13?-pentadecanoate(A5),17-hydroxyjolkinolide B(A6),17-hydroxyjolkinolide A(A7),ent-(3?,13S)-3,13-dihydroxyatis-16-en-14-one(A8),langduin C(A9),ent-11?-hydroxy-abieta-8(14),13(15)-dien-16,12?-olide(A10),langduin D(A11),fischeriabietane E(A12),12-deoxyphorbaldehyde-13-hexadecacetate(A13),ent-kaurane-3-oxo-16?,17-diol(A14),ent-16?-hydroxy-17-acetoxyatisan-3-one(A15),fischernolide D(A16),euphoractone(A17),ent-16?,17-dihydroxyatisan-3-one(A18),phorbol-13-actate(A19),ent-atisane-3?,16?,17-triol(A20),langduin A(A21),12-deoxyphorbol-13-(9Z)-octadecanoate-20-acetate(A22),fischerianin A(A23),fischerianin B(A24),20-acetatelangduin A(A25).Some compounds showed cytotoxic activities.And A6 can dramatically decrease lactic acid accumulation in K562 cell lines,indicating that A6 can inhibit aerobic glycolysis,which results in mitochondrial apoptosis.