Relationship Between Mothers' Parenting Style And The Fair Distributive Rules Of Children Aged 12

Parenting style is a stable and overall style in the process of daily child-care which the parents show.As a contributing factor in the family environment,parenting style has the most direct effect on children social development(Zhu,1980).Studies of parenting style have a range research eye with mainly adopt questionnaire survey.The researches contain the relationship between parenting style and the socialization of children,children's moral development,children's prosocial behavior,and also include the relationship between parenting style and behavior problems,such as Internet addiction,aggression and so on.The relationship between parenting style and the several aspects above has been confirmed.But the in-depth researches are less.Researchers focus on relationship between parenting style and helping behavior in the field of prosocial behavior research.And in the field of moral development research,researchers focus on the relationship between parenting style and moral disengagement.But they ignore some other aspects such as the rules of children's fair distribution.The rules of children's fair distribution is hot issue of children social development research.It refers to children who tend to demand distribution,average distribution,distribution according to contribution,or inclines to charity benevolence or equity distribution when they facing a variety of options(Mo,2012).The main research methods in this field are story situation paradigm and game paradigm.Game paradigm contains Ultimatum Game(UG)and Dictator Game(DG).The researches of this field have examined that the relationship between variables and the rules of children's fair distribution.The variables contain the resource type,distribution of position,character relationship,theory of mind.And these variables affect the fair distribution behavior of children in different extent.Although the achievements in the field are rich,some problems also need to be concerned.The researchers before concerned more allocation behavior itself,but the reasons of distribution were ignored.It is not conducive to have a comprehensive understanding of the rules of children's fair distribution.At the same time,the researchers never dig the relationship between the important factors(such as parenting style,etc.)in children's growing environment and the fair distribution rules of children.They just focus on possible influence of resource type,the position of distribution.To solve the problems above,this paper studies the relationship between the fair distribution rules of children and parenting style with questionnaire.It uses story situation paradigm and game paradigm to exam children's distribution behavior,distribution reasons and consistency of them.Further gained the rules of fair distribution.It also exam the characteristics of mothers' parenting style,the characteristics of Children's distribution behavior and reasons,the relationship between parenting style and the rules of children's fair distribution.This study points two parts.One part focuses on the relationship between parenting style and the fair distribution behavior of children.Study materials include The Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire,game paper with the distribution situation,evaluation paper with story situation.Game paper presents DG first,then the UG Evaluation paper asks participants to evaluate the fairness of seven allocations.The second part focuses on the relationship between parenting style and the fair distribution rules of children.Study materials include The Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire,game paper with the distribution situation,distribution paper with story situation.Two parts are different in distribution situation and whether giving reasons of game paper or not.This study chooses children aged 12 because they are stepping into the stage of self-discipline gradually in the moral development and they are in adolescence.The specific choice are sixth grade and seventh grade because they are all between 11 and 13.In this study,there are 661 participants from two primary schools and two junior high schools in Guilin.Effective number of participants is 636 people,the first part is 322 people(102 of sixth grade and 220 of seventh grade),the second part is 314 people(152 of sixth grade and 162 of seventh gradel).Male:female is 1.06:1.Two researches use Latin square design in the order to balance questionnaire(material).After the data collection,EpiData3.0 and SPSS 16.0 are used to entry,code,and statistics.In specific data processing,descriptive statistic,x2test,analysis of variance,correlation analysis,and regression analysis are used.Overall,we can draw the following main findings based on the conditions of this study.a.Mothers' parenting style is maily adopted Authoritative style of children aged 12.Mothers'authoritarian parenting and children's contribution distribution are positively correlated.b.Children aged 12 can show a fair distribution behavior.Most(study one is 90.99%and study two is 96.50%)of 12 years old children insisted fairness in the DG As responder in UG they treat friends in concept more altruistic than strangers,especially seventh grade.c.It is consistent with the distribution behavior and reasons among the children aged 12?all embody the fairness.Among them,in DG at part two,fair distribution behavior accounted for 96.50%of all distribution behavior,and the rules of children's fair distribution accounted for 97.73%of all distribution basis.