The Effect Of Social Perspective Taking On Fair Distribution Behavior In 5 To 6 Year Old Children

Fairness is the goal of all the human unremitting pursue.Child fair distribution behavior attract many developmental psychologists' attention.The researchers focus on child fair distribution behavior's influence factors such as theory of mind,the distribution situation,the social relations between the distributors and the recipients,etc..Li Zhanxing,Takagishi and others found that obtain theory to mind is beneficial to child fair distribution behavior.Wang Si and Su Yanjie's research shows that:when children independent allocation of resources,the theory of mind influence on the child fairness behavior with the distribution situation.Theory of mind and social perspective taking both belong to the social cognitive,and both of them have ingredients of cognitive and affective.Montag even found that theory of mind and affective perspective taking are under the influence of mirror neurons,that is to say they might basis on the similar neuro.Social perspective taking have close relationships with prosocial behavior such as cooperative behavior,helpful behavior,sharing behavior,etc.The fair distributions behavior as the important part of prosocial behavior,whether or not have a relationship with social perspective taking and the level of be involved?These problems need to be researched.Through carding the research paradigm of social perspective taking,we found there have the story or job tasks,questionnaire and individual interview.Among them,the story or job task method is used more,representative is Chandler and Creenspan's test tasks.In this test tasks,the six test score will be tried as the score of social perspective taking.Zhang Wenxin and Lin Chong-de think it reduces the correlation among the perspective taking,and the validity of the test.Try to do this,Zhang Wenxin and Lin Chong-de teied the final test scores as the scores of social perspective taking,and the correlation of the test tasks got improved obviously,and many researchers get recognition.Based on the literature review,the fair distribution behavior of the commonly used research paradigm has ultimatum game,dictator game and situation-based story.The researchers generally agreed that when we uses ultimatum game that the distribution behavior of the participants will be affected by individual benefit maximization,relationships and so on.But when we use dictator game or situation-based story,you can avoid the interference of these factors,can more truly reflect the resource allocation behavior of children,has the ecological validity,thus they has been widely used.Such as Li Zhanxing's research adopted the dictator game;Wang Si and Su Yanjie's research adopted situation-based story.Therefore,this research will select 112 as participants and they are 5 to 6 years old children come from the same kindergarten,and four small stories which was standardized processing by Zhang Wenxin and Lin Chongde as the tool of measuring social perspective taking,then we designed two experiments.Among them,the first experiment examining the impact of social perspective taking on child fair distribution behavior by a Li Zhanxing's dictator game.Fair distribution behavior in this experiment is refers to the average distribution behavior and the altruism behavior.The second experiment examining the impact of the level of be involved and social perspective taking on child fair distribution behavior by Wang Si and Su Yanjie's situation-based story.Fair distribution behavior in this experiment behavior refers to the behavior of distribution according to work and distribution of altruistic behavior.For the collected data,we used SPSS 16.0 for entry,sorting and analysis.In the process of specific data processing,for the fist experiment we used the description statistics,paired sample(?)test and single factor analysis of variance;for the second experiment we used the description statistics and the analysis of repeated measurement variance.Based on the conditions of this study,the following conclusions can be drawn.(1)Social perspective taking ability have different effects on two kinds of fair distribution behavior in 5 to 6 year old children,higher social perspective taking ability of children in favour of average distribution behavior,and act according to the distribution according to work is not affected.(2)The level of involvement affects the fair distribution behavior of 5-6 years old children,and the children are in a higher level of fair distribution in the situation.Basaed on the above conclusions,the researchers put forward three suggestions on preschool education practice;(1)Preschool teachers can cultivate children's social perspective taking ability,improve the level of fair distribution behavior.(2)The preschool teachers can set up the involved of distribution situation to promote the fair distribution behaviors' development.(3)when you need to understand child fair distribution behavior,the preschool teachers should not only correct understanding of fair distribution behavior of 5 to 6 years old children,also should pay attention to whether the children involved in the creation of the distribution situation,so that it may be more objectively determine the level of young children's social development.