On The Re-examination Of Xunzi's Theory About "The Change Of The Human Nature By The Human Factors"

Xunzi was called "the last confucianist " in the pre-Qin period.At that time,the society was in turmoil,and all kinds of theories emerged in endlessly in the ideological circle,which was in the era of contention of a hundred schools of thought.After critically inheriting and absorbing many theories of scholars,Xunzi innovatively constructed his own philosophical thought system and created a new way and new form of Confucianism.Xunzi's theory is based on his theory of evil nature,so this paper takes Xunzi's analysis of human nature as the starting point to discuss Xunzi's thought of turning nature by human factors.This article first analyzes the main human nature theory in the pre-Qin period,including Confucius's theory of similar human nature as well as far because of human factors,Mencius's theory of the good human nature and GaoZi's ambiguous theory of both good and evil.In the analysis,not their independent introduction,but possible from a comparative point of view to explain the relationship between each other.The second part of the article first discusses the two important concepts of Xunzi's theory of human nature and "human factors ",which is the starting point to understand Xunzi's theory of human nature;Then the paper focuses on the analysis of the true meaning of the theory of "evil nature",and the analysis of the meaning of"evil nature" of Xunzi which is directly related to the understanding of Xunzi's thought of"turning nature by human factors".Xunzi said "evil nature",its true meaning lies in two levels:firstly,in the sense of reality,that is,under the state of "false" probability.Secondly,in the sense of theoretical abstraction,that is,the inevitability of no "human factors" state.The"evil nature" is not the most valuable point of view in Xunzi's thought,which is only a theoretical logical starting point of Xunzi's thought,and whose purpose is to lead to the purpose of "change nature false ".This is the third part and the fourth part and the fifth part of the article,which are the main parts of the article.The third part focuses on the logical possibility of "transforming nature by human factors",the focus is from the heart of knowledge and moral judgment ability to explain this aspect;The fourth part mainly demonstrates the realistic possibility and goal of the idea of " transforming nature by human factors",and combs several important ways to realize " transforming nature by human factors":courtesy and righteousness,social customs,erudition and practice,etc.By these practical efforts,finally realize the goal of "the combination human nature with human factors".Whether it is the logical possibility of " transforming nature by human factors' or the practical possibility of "transforming human nature by human factors",it is on a possible level,which can not explain the inevitability of moral cultivation.Therefore,the fifth part of the article deeply analyzes the moral formation process of "transforming nature by human factors",and analyzes it from three processes of moral motivation,moral subject and moral consciousness respectively.By these three processes,moral cultivation becomes an active and natural activity.Xunzi,as the last master of Confucianism in the pre-Qin period,is admired by later generations for his profound philosopher thought,which has far-reaching historical influence and research value.This paper will analyze Xunzi's theory of evil nature based on his understanding of human nature and Xunzi's theory of evil nature.Understanding Xunzi's theory shortcomings of human nature in the historical environment of the advanced,and explore the influence about "change of nature by human factors" in order to produce positive significance to the contemporary.