An Analysis Of The Pre-Qin Confucian Ideology Of Supporting The People

The source of water for the Confucian thought of raising the people comes from the heart of benevolence,which is implemented on the rulers to raise the people and carry out the government of benevolence.Confucius,Mencius,and Xun zi all discussed the idea of cultivating the people.Confucius' s idea of raising the people is “jun wu pin ”“zu min ”“reduce tax”.Confucius' s idea of is pushed by the parents' support to a benevolence world of Lao An Shao huai.Mencius' s idea of raising the people is that the king should allow the people to have permanent property,and at the same time,“reduce tax”,support the the widows,the victims and the weak.Xunzi's idea of raising the people is to use the courtesy,strengthen the economy and and keep taxes lightly.Confucius,Mencius and Xunzi's idea of raising the people shows a humanistic concern,which is the expectation of the monarch's political mode of benefiting the people.However,the three models are not exactly the same.Confucius' idea of cultivating the people does not emphasize the expansion of financial resources,but rather emphasizes the relatively fair distribution to protect the people's right to live.Mencius emphasized benevolent government,allow the people to have permanent property and create the material means of production,which is a positive mode of nurturing the people;Xunzi,on the eve of autocracy,was able to conform to the historical trend and put forward the idea of regulating the responsibility and division of labor of the common people with "li" and preventing the endless desire of the people by “li”,which was far more realistic than Mencius' thought of raising the people.Compared with the Confucian idea of cultivating the people,Taoism put forward the idea of“fooling” to support the people based on the "heavenly Taoism".Taoism emphasizes the people's heart and soul,weaken ambition and strength body,the monarchs are idiotic,noble and soft,and advocates “Xiao Guo Gua Min” lifestyle.However,they ignorant people's desires,weakening the power of the government,and passively failing to act,are actually very weak.The idea of foolish people not only not restrict the monarch,but also being the philosophical basis for the monarch to control the people.Mohist benefiting the people is based on the principle of “love and mutual benefit”.It emphasizes labor production,balanced distribution,and thrift.Although it is more civilian than the Confucian ideology,it is extremely thrifty and lacking institutional protection.In fact,Mohist idea of nurturing the people is more ideal.Legalists negate the Confucian ideas such as kindness,love,benevolence,and respect monarch,weaken the people based on human selfishness and the antagonistic of monarch and weaken the people.The philosophies of how the monarchs raise people are different.But they are all aimed at solving the problem of people's existence during that period,the reform of family at the grass-roots level,in the Spring and Autumn and warring States period was the reason for the reexploration of the monarch's mode of raising the people,and also the source of the Confucian thought of raising the people.