A Study On The Early Medical Education History Of Cheeloo University

After the second opium war,the protestant Christianity piled into Shandong,besides preached Christianity to the natives,the missionaries undertook a series of secular enterprise.These enterprise were of great benefit to the missionary activities,and also promoted the local society of Shandong to modernization.And this among them,the education and medicine got greatest achievements.The Cheeloo University School of Medicine which enjoyed a high prestige in China was the intersection of education and medicine.Although the efforts of many missionaries had gone into the building of Cheeloo University,it is generally accepted that this university was traceable to a boarding school in Tengchow which was established by Calvin Mateer,a missionary of the American Presbyterian Mission,in 1864.However,the real origin of medical education of Cheeloo University is inconclusive until now.As the two major missions of the establishment of Cheeloo University,the English Baptist Missionary Society(BMS)and the American Presbyterian Mission(APM)had carried out some activities of medical education in the broad sense since the 1870s.Among them,it was began in late 1880s that these educational activities were inextricably bound up with Shantung Union Medical College in later.Before the Boxer Movement,the medical schools that were established by the two missions respectively had begun to take shape,even reached the top of the nation.When the Union Educational Scheme between the BMS and the APM was consummated,the location and conduct of medical college was left in abeyance temporarily.Later BMS decided to provide funds to build the medical college in Jinan,and thus laid the basic framework of the Cheeloo University School of Medicine.In the initial stage of the Union Medical College,Cheeloo University successfully won the favor of the China Medical Missionary Association because of its running mode and its insistence of teaching in Chinese.This led a great deal of missions to participate in joint education work of the medical college in Jinan,combined with Rockefeller Foundation's capital,the problems of lack for teaching staffs and funds were solved.All of these laid a solid foundation for the rapid rise of Cheeloo University School of Medicine.The early medical history of Cheeloo University provides us an angle to observe the local society in Shandong during late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China.On the one hand,the diffusion of modern western medicine changed the people survival conditions,hygiene habits and health seeking behavior;on the other hand,the missionaries had to constantly accustom themselves to the local society.These phenomena could be ascribable to cultural encounters.