Medical Missionary Enterprise And Modern Henan Society

Christianity is spreaded under the backdrop of the Opium War in modern China and receives a cold welcome during the initial period of spreading dueing to the guidance of the unequal treaties. After many times' attempt, the missionaries finally find that the medical missionary enterprise is the useful tool to open the missionary enterprise . And facing the same dilemma, the missionaries bring the Christianity into Henan, the development of which has also experienced ups and downs. In the early period, the dispenary opened by the missionaries help them breaking the dilemma of missionary enterprise successfully and then they found mission hospitals to aid the missionary enterprise in the northern area of Henan as well as the provincial city Kaifeng. During the period of the Republic of China, the mission hospitals lay more stresses on the improvement of the medical quality and have made a lot of fruitful achievements in terms of nurse education and hospital management and so on. In all, Henan's medical missionary enterprise has exerted great influence on modern Henan society. This paper tries to make a panoramic description on the medical missionary enterprise in Henan, and also analyze the influence exerted by the medical missionary enterprise on modern Henan medicine as well as the concept and customs of Henanese. The whole paper can be divided into seven parts.Part one: introduction. Firstly, a brief review will be given to the study of domestic medical missionary enterprise since 1949. Then a short summary is made on the research status of the history of Henan's Christianity in recent years. At last, the existing problems and some weak points will be pointed out in the study of Henan's medical missionary enterprise on the basis of looking back the research on the history of Henan's Christianity.Part two: the emergence of medical missionary enterprise and its spreading in Henan. With the introduction of Christianity into China in modern times, the missionaries open an situation by means of founding dispenary and hospitals in order to cooperate with missionary enterprise, and it gradually exists a kind of special groups - "medical missionary" and special method - "impart Christianity through medical channel". With a serial of unequal treaties signed, the footstep of missionaries can be found all over the country, and the medical missionary enterprise is spreaded from Guangzhou, Mascow to the five ports and then enter into Henan after the thorough spreading across the whole country.Part three: the developement of the medical missionary enterprise in Henan. Since the introduction of Christian church into Henan, the development of missionary enterprise is very slow. Some missionary society establish dispenary and hospitals to go match with the missionary enterprise, which has gained an excellent effect. The Christian church has maintained a good momentum in Henan's medical enterprise, but it has met with the shock of Northern Expedition and the May 30^th Movement in the 1920s, which has seriously shattered the medical missionary enterprise. From then on, the medical missionary enterprise enters into the adjustment period. With the process of its nature, there are increasing number of Chinese people enter into the management of medical missionary enterprise and the medical missionary enterprise will usher into a blooming period in Henan.Part four: the declining and disappearing of medical missionary enterprise in Henan. The good momentum of medical missionary enterprise in Henan is stopped suddenly with the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese war. The medical missionary enterprise is seriously damaged in the war-torn years. However, it is worth praising that the mission hospital has done a lot of rescuing work during the wartime especially under the difficult conditions. After the end of Sino-Japanese war, the Friends Ambulance Unit has taken over a batch of mission hospitals helping them to resume. But the outbreak of the Liberation War and lots of foreign missionaries's return back to their country has made the medical missionary ernterprise which has just made slightful improvement sanking into a paralyzed situation. After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the chuch hospitals are received changing and transforming so as to serve people.Part five:the way and management of how the Christian church operate the medical enterprise in Henan. A brief statement will be given to the way of the churches in Henan operating medical enterprise, saying, dispenary, hospital and nurse school and to their inter-relationship, and to a study on the charging system of mission hospital as well as the origin of the doctors and patients in the hospital.Part six: influence of the medical missionary enterprise on modern Henan society. In fact, the development of the medical missionary enterprise in Henan is the dissemination of western medical culture across China and it has had a great impact on many aspects. Meanwhile, it has cultivated lots of medical talents for the modern Henan society; affect the treatment and tendance concept of the mass; promote the culture exchange between Chinese medicine and western medicine, which set an example to establish hospitals for the local people.Part seven: conclusion. An objective assessment will be given to the medical missionary enterprise in Henan...