Study On Driver's Consequentialism

As a theoretical system,consequentialism puts forward a judging procedure objectively and completely,dividing the moral "good" and "evil" with clear boundaries;at the same time,it is also the theoretical basis of people's moral behavior.Different from today's popular utilitarianism,consequentialism is more extensive.Utilitarianism,egoism,rule consequentialism,cascade consequentialism,behavioral consequentialism and so on are important manifestations of the consequentialism theory.However,Julia Driver,a professor of philosophy at the University of Washington in St.Louis,put forward his own views on different forms of consequentialism and proposed his own new theory—the Globe consequentialism.Driver supported the theory of objective consequentialism standing on realism,she is the solid supporter of objective consequentialism.In her view,Objective Consequentialism has successfully solved the problem of the incompatibility between utilitarianism and human emotion.But he also has to admit that Objective Consequentialism is flawed,it cannot avoid neglecting moral luck if looking at the moral attributes of practitioners from actual results.It is too arbitrary to judge practitioners' quality,because results of many things are often uncontrollable and predictable.It should be more scientific if we take uncontrollable factors into account to analysis events.Therefore,when considering the moral luck,Driver also had to admit that subjective consequentialism did better than objective consequentialism from possibleism's view.On all issues of behavior,objective consequentialism often does not consider the psychological state of the practitioner.This is a fatal flaw in discussing whether practitioners are responsible for the consequences of their actions.when considering the accountability,the motivation and purpose of the practitioner are also very important considerations besides the actual results.On the basis of objective consequentialism,Driver viewed the problem from the perspective of indirect consequentialism and supported the rule consequentialism.Indirect consequentialism requires practitioners to act in accordance with the rules and achieve maximum good.The article explains exactly why it is not required that everyone should be internalized.Through the comparison of behavioral consequentialism and regular consequentialism,the author argues that the consequentialism of behavior and the legitimacy of consequentialism are justified.As a new theory,holistic consequentialism perfectly compensates for the inadequacies of other consequentialism.First of all,its moral evaluation is composed of two parts:behavior evaluation and character evaluation,which avoids the problem of moral ambiguity.Second,by contrasting with moral virtue consequentialism,it shows the superiority of consequentialism for taking the motive factors of the practitioner into account.Finally,from Driver's answer to the question of moral perfection,we can see that moral perfection can promote people's moral level.The correct behavior of the Globe consequentialism is produced in a specific context,so it gets specific analysis of specific issues in this theory.In the end,the paper reflects and evaluates the Driver's consequentialism,and puts forward three problems:first,the Global consequentialism,when pursuing the result,tends to neglect the interests of the minority.Second,it blindly pursues the maximization,blurring the boundary between "obligation" and "superobligation".The third is that the Global consequentialism requires the practitioner to achieve the goal of "maximization",but it is very difficult to use this theory to truly "maximize".