Research On Dworkin's Theory Of Equality Of Resources

By criticizing the principle of welfare equality and Rawls' difference principle,Ronald Dworkin constructed a theory of distribution justice called "equality of resource ".In the theory of equality of resources,first,Dworkin regarded "equality" as a supreme virtue and tried to reconcile the contradiction between equality and freedom;secondly,Dworkin is based on his criticism of Rawls.Considering that Rawls' principle of distinction dispels individual responsibility,he tries to take the issue of "responsibility" into consideration in the theory of equality and advocates respect for the individual's free choice,but the individual should be held responsible for the outcome of his choice.Dworkin thinks the difference of natural endowment between people belongs to the moral arbitrary factor,is the resource equality needs to adjust the category.Therefore,in order to achieve the equality of resources,Dworkin put forward two core goals,namely,"be sensitive to ambition and be dull in endowment"In order to realize the equality of resources,Dworkin put forward two core goals,namely,"sensitive to ambition" and "dull to endowment",and hypothesized two counter factual models which could achieve these two core goals better.On the one hand,he used the "barren island auction" model to make citizens obtain the initial equality of resources,so that "sensitive to ambition" can be realized.He argued that people on the barren island can choose the resources they want by way of free auction,and that everyone has equal opportunities and rights in the auction.In order for people to choose their most satisfactory resources through auction,Dworkin advocates the use of "trial and error" and "jealousy test".Only when the auction results meet the "jealousy test" criterion,the initial allocation of resources can be equal.Of course,each person's choice of resources reflects their different ways of life.People's choices are free.Whatever choices they make,they need to take responsibility for their choices.On the other hand,at the end of the barren island auction,Dworkin considered that once people entered production and trading,the initial resource equality would be immediately broken because of the differences in each person's natural endowment.As a result,they will use "virtual insurance" to correct the way.Talking about these two opposing issues.In the process of real model,Dworkin discusses the problems of citizen's luck,talent and disability,and tries to transforn people's "luck" into people's "choice",thus eliminating the inequality caused by natural endowment.To achieve his theoretical goal of"being obtuse to his endowment".Finally,taking the public educational resources of our country as an example,this paper investigates his theory of equality and its practical significance to the allocation of educational resources in our country.